Blood Promise Chapter Twenty-Five

His eyes widened in shock, lips parting. Even though I knew this wasn't a silver stake, it might as well have been. To run it through his heart, I had had to act as decisively as I would have if delivering a killing blow. I'd had to finally accept my Dimitri's death. This one was a Strigoi. There was no future with him. I would not join him. That still didn't make some part of me want to stop and lie down beside him, though, or at the very least see what happened next. After that initial surprise, his features and breathing had gone still, giving the illusion of death. That's all it was, however-an illusion. I'd seen it before. I probably had five minutes at most before he healed up and shook this off. I had no time to mourn for what was and what might have been. I had to act now. No hesitation. I ran my hands over him, searching his clothes for anything that might be of use. I found a set of keys and some cash. I pocketed the keys and started to leave the cash but realized I might actually need it on the off chance I escaped this place. My own money had been taken when I arrived. I also swept up some of the jewelry on the table. Finding buyers for that kind of thing in big Russian cities wasn't too difficult. If I made it to said city. I stood up off the bed and gave Dimitri one last pained look. A few of the tears I'd hidden from him earlier now ran down my face. That was all I could allow myself. If I had a later, I'd mourn then. Before leaving, my gaze lingered on the stake. I wanted to take it with me; it was my only weapon. Pulling it out would mean he'd wake up in about a minute. I needed the extra time. With a sigh, I turned my back on him, hoping I'd find a weapon elsewhere. I sprinted over to the suite's door and punched in the code again. It unlocked, and I stepped into the corridor. Before going to the next door, I examined the one I'd just stepped through. To get into the suite, there was another keypad. Entry also required a code. Backing up a little, I struck and kicked the keypad as hard as I could. I did it twice more, until the tiny red light on it went out. I didn't know if that would affect the lock on the inside of the suite, but in the movies, damaging electronic locks always seemed to work. Turning my attention to the next lock, I tried to remember the numbers Inna had told me. They weren't etched as strongly in my head as the first. I punched in seven numbers. The little light stayed red. â€Å"Damn.† It was possible she'd lied about this set, but somehow, I suspected my memory was the culprit here. I tried again, knowing the clock was ticking on how long I had until Dimitri came after me. The red light flashed again. What were those numbers? I tried to visualize them in my head and finally decided I wasn't entirely sure about the last two. I reversed their order the next time I put in the code. The light flashed green, and the door unlocked. Of course, there was a security system of a different sort outside. A Strigoi. And not just any Strigoi: It was Marlen. The one I'd tortured in the alley. The one who hated me because I'd disgraced him in front of Galina. He was clearly on guard duty and looked as though he'd expected a boring night. Me coming out the door was a shock. That gave me, oh, about a millisecond of surprise. My first thought was to just run at him with as much brute strength as I could. I knew he would do the same to me. In fact†¦ that was exactly what he'd do. I stayed where I was, standing so that I could keep the door propped open. He came at me to stop my escape, and I stepped aside, pulling the door open wider. Now, I was neither skilled enough nor was he inept enough to simply get lured in. He stopped in the doorway, trying to get hold of me. This gave me the difficult task of trying to both fend him off and drag him into the corridor behind the door. I stepped back into the doorway, hoping he'd follow. All the while, I had to keep the door open. It was all complicated, and I would have no time to punch in the code again. We fought in the confined space. The biggest thing I had going for me was that Marlen appeared to be a young Strigoi, which made sense. Galina would want to keep around henchmen she could control. Of course, Strigoi strength and speed compensated for a lack of experience. The fact that he had been a Moroi once also meant he probably had very little training. That also was a bonus for me. Dimitri was a badass Strigoi because he'd trained as a fighter before being turned. This guy had not. So, Marlen got a couple punches in on me, one coming dangerously close to my eye. The other caught me in the stomach, knocking the air out of me for half a second. But most of the time, I was able to dodge him pretty well. This seemed to infuriate him. Getting beat up by a teenage girl didn't really score you cool points when you were a Strigoi. At one point, I even faked him out in one direction and came at him with a surprise kick -easier to do than I'd expected in that damned dress-that knocked him back a few steps. I just barely managed to keep my hand in the door when I did it, but that was all I needed. His stumble gave me a few seconds to slip out the door and into the main hall. Unfortunately, when I tried to close it, he was already trying to come through. With my hands, I tried to pull the door shut while kicking him back inside. We struggled this way for a while, and thanks to whatever luck I had left, I got the door closed enough so that only his arm was sticking through. Bracing myself, I pulled the door toward me in one huge, forceful movement. It slammed into Marlen's wrist. I half expected to see his hand detach and pop into the hall, but he'd jerked it back. Even Strigoi had certain instincts to avoid pain. Gasping-my physical strength still wasn't all it could be-I backed up. If he knew the code, this had been for nothing. A moment later, the door's handle shook but didn't open. I heard a scream of rage, and then his fists beat on the door. Score one for me. No, score one for luck. If he'd known the code, I would have been Thud. Marlen was still beating on the door, and I saw the tiniest dent appear on the metallic surface. â€Å"Oh, crap,† I said. I didn't stick around to see how many hits it'd take him to break it down. I also realized that even if I'd disabled the first lock, Dimitri would just be able to break that one down too. Dimitri†¦ No. I absolutely couldn't think of him now. As I ran down the hall, heading toward the stairs Dimitri and I traveled before, an unexpected memory suddenly popped into my head. When Dimitri had last threatened Nathan, he'd mentioned getting my stake out of a vault. What vault was that exactly? Was it here on the premises? If so, I certainly didn't have time to look. When weighing the option to search a four-story house full of vampires or run off into the countryside before they found you†¦ well, the choice was clear. And it was in the midst of that thought process that I ran into a human at the top of the stairs. He was older than Inna and carrying a stack of linens that he dropped when we collided. With almost no pause, I grabbed hold of him and swung him against the wall. I had no weapon to threaten him with and wondered how I'd assert my will now. Yet as soon as I had him pinned, he threw up his hands in a defensive gesture and began whimpering in Russian. There'd be no attacks on me here. Of course, now I had the problem of communicating what I needed. Marlen was still beating on the door, and Dimitri would be up in a couple of minutes. I glared at the human, hoping I looked terrifying. From his expression, I did. I attempted the caveman talk I had with Inna†¦ only this time the message was a little harder. â€Å"Stick,† I said in Russian. I had no clue what the word for stake was. I pointed at the silver ring I wore and made a slashing motion. â€Å"Stick. Where?† He stared at me in utter confusion and then asked, in perfect English, â€Å"Why are you talking like that?† â€Å"Oh for God's sake,† I exclaimed. â€Å"Where is the vault?† â€Å"Vault?† â€Å"A place they keep weapons?† He continued staring. â€Å"I'm looking for a silver stake.† â€Å"Oh,† he said. â€Å"That.† Uneasily, he cast his eyes in the direction of the pounding. I pushed him harder against the wall. My heart felt like it would burst out of my chest, but I tried to hide it. I wanted this guy to think I was invincible. â€Å"Ignore him. Take me to the vault. Now!† With a frightened yelp, he nodded eagerly and beckoned me down the stairs. We descended to the second floor and made a sharp turn. The halls here were as twisty as the hedge maze Dimitri had shown me, all decorated in that gold and chandelier style, and I wondered if I'd even be able to get out of the house. Attempting this detour was a risk, but I wasn't sure if I could get outside without being followed. If I was, there'd be a confrontation. I'd need to defend myself. The human led me down another hall and yet another. Finally, we reached a door that looked like any other. He stopped and peered at me expectantly. â€Å"Open it,† I said. He shook his head. â€Å"I don't have the key.† â€Å"Well, I certainly don't-wait.† I reached into my pocket and pulled out the keys I'd lifted from Dimitri. There were five keys on the ring. I tried them one at a time, and on the third one, I got a hit. The door opened. Meanwhile, my guide was casting hasty glances behind him and looked ready to bolt. â€Å"Don't even think about it,† I warned. He blanched and stayed put. The room before us wasn't very big, and while its plush white carpet and silver framed paintings made it look elegant, the room was†¦ well, basically, it looked like a junkyard. Boxes and weird objects-a lot of personal items like watches and rings in particular-lay around in no order. â€Å"What is this?† â€Å"Magic,† he said, still obviously scared out of his mind. â€Å"Magic items kept here to fade or be destroyed.† Magic†¦ ah. These were items charmed by Moroi magic. Charms always had some kind of effect on Strigoi-usually unpleasant-with stakes being the worst, since they used all four physical elements. It made sense that Strigoi would want to isolate harmful objects and get rid of â€Å"My stake!† I ran forward and picked it up, nearly dropping it because my hands were so sweaty. The stake was lying on top of a box with a length of cloth and some weird stones. Studying it, I realized it wasn't actually my stake-not that it made a difference for killing Strigoi. This stake was almost identical, save for a small geometric pattern running around its base. It was something guardians did from time to time if they felt particularly attached to their stake: have a design or initials etched into it. Holding this stake, I felt a momentary pang of sadness. This had belonged to someone who'd wielded it proudly once, someone who was now most likely dead. God only knew how many other dozens of stakes were in here, seized from other unfortunate prisoners, but I had no time to search or mourn those who had died. â€Å"Okay, now I want you to take me to†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I hesitated. Even with a stake, it'd be a lot better for me if I didn't face any more Strigoi. I had to assume there'd still be a guard at the front door. â€Å"†¦ Some room on this floor with a window that actually opens. And is far from the stairs.† The guy thought for a moment and then gave a quick nod. â€Å"This way.† I followed him through another maze of twisting corridors. â€Å"What's your name?† â€Å"Oleg.† â€Å"You know,† I said. â€Å"I'm getting out of here†¦ if you want†¦ if you want, I could take you with me.† Having someone else-a human, particularly -would definitely slow me down. Yet, my conscience wouldn't let me leave anyone behind in this place. He gave me an incredulous glance. â€Å"Why would I want to do that?† Sydney had definitely been right about humans making great sacrifices for immortality. Oleg and Inna were living proof. We rounded a corner and came face-to-face with an elaborate set of French doors. Through the etched glass, I could see book-lined shelves, stretching all the way up the walls. A library-a huge one that extended on and on, out of my sight. Better yet, I saw a large bay window opposite me, framed in heavy satin curtains the color of blood. â€Å"Perfect,† I said, pushing open the doors. That was when the nausea hit me. We weren't alone in the room. Galina sprang up from a chair near the fireplace on the far side of the room. A book dropped from her lap. I had no time to dwell on the oddity of a Strigoi having a fireside read, because she was coming right toward me. I almost might have thought Oleg had set me up, but he was cowering in a corner, his face mirroring the shock I felt. Despite the library's enormous size, she reached me in seconds. I dodged her initial attack-or tried to, at least. She was fast. Aside from Dimitri, the other Strigoi in this house were clearly the B-team, and I had forgotten just how badass a truly skilled Strigoi was. She caught me by my arm and swung me toward her, mouth open and fangs going straight for my neck. I had the stake in my hand and tried awkwardly to at least scratch her with it, but she was holding me too tightly. At last, I managed to duck a little and move my throat out of her range, but all this did was give her the opportunity to grab hold of my hair. She jerked me upright, and I screamed in pain. How she managed to hold onto my hair without ripping it right out was remarkable. Still gripping it, she shoved me into a wall. When I'd first fought with Dimitri upon my arrival, he'd been rough but hadn't wanted to kill me. Galina did. She'd taken it on faith from Dimitri that I'd be an asset, but it was obvious now that I was a real pain in the ass. Her amnesty had ended, and she was intent on killing me. I at least had the comfort of knowing she probably wouldn't turn me into a Strigoi. I'd be lunch. A shout suddenly drew my attention to the door. Dimitri stood there, face blazing with anger. Whatever illusions I'd harbored about him being his former self disappeared. That fury radiated around him, his eyes narrowed and fangs showing. The pale skin and red eyes contrasted sharply against each other. He was like a demon sent straight from hell to destroy me. He strode toward us, and the immediate thought in my head was: Well, at least this'll end things that much faster. Except†¦ it wasn't me he attacked. It was Galina. I'm not sure which of us was more surprised, but in that moment, I was totally forgotten. The Strigoi raced toward each other, and I froze, stunned at the terrible beauty of their fight. There was almost a gracefulness to the way they moved, the way they struck out and skillfully dodged each other. I stared a bit longer and then mentally slapped myself into action. This was my chance to get out of here. I couldn't get distracted. I turned to the bay window, searching frantically for a means to open it. There was none. â€Å"Son of a bitch!† Maybe Oleg had set me up after all. Or maybe there was just some mechanism that wasn't apparent to me. Regardless, I felt pretty confident there was one way to get it open. I ran to the side of the room where Galina had sat and grabbed an ornate wooden chair. It was obvious this window wasn't made of the hard-core glass that had been in my room. This stuff was similar to the library's French doors, delicate and engraved with fanciful designs, even though darkly tinted. It couldn't require that much force to break. After all that fruitless beating in my room, I took a kind of smug satisfaction in slamming the chair into it with as much force as possible. The impact made a huge hole in one side of the window, glass spraying everywhere. A few shards hit my face, but it was nothing to concern me now. Behind me, the sounds of battle raged on. There were grunts and muffled cries as they fought, as well as the occasional sound of some piece of broken furniture. I yearned to turn around and see what was going on, but I couldn't. I took the chair and swung again, breaking the other half of the window. There was now a huge hole, perfect for me to get out of. â€Å"Rose!† Dimitri's voice triggered some instinctive response in me. I glanced back and saw him still grappling with Galina. They were both exhausted, but it was clear he was getting the worst of it. But in their fighting, he kept trying to restrain her in a way that exposed her chest to me. His eyes met mine. Back when he'd been a dhampir, we'd rarely needed words to convey our thoughts. This was one of those times. I knew what he wanted me to do. He wanted me to stake her. I knew I shouldn't. I needed to hop out that window right now. I needed to let them keep fighting, even though it seemed obvious Galina was about to win. And yet†¦ despite my misgivings, some force drew me across the room, stake poised and ready. Maybe it was because I would never fully lose my pull to Dimitri, no matter what kind of monster he'd become. Maybe it was an unconscious sense of duty, since I knew he'd just saved my life. Or maybe it was because I knew one Strigoi was going to die tonight, and she was the more dangerous. But she wasn't easy to get hold of. She was fast and strong, and he was having a hard time with her. She kept wriggling around, trying to renew her attack. All she'd need to do was incapacitate him as I had; then it'd just require decapitation or burning to finish him off. I had no doubt she could arrange either. He managed to turn her slightly, giving me the best view of her chest I'd had. I moved forward-and then Dimitri slammed into me. I was addled for a moment, wondering why he'd attack me after saving me, until I realized he'd been pushed-by Nathan. Nathan had just entered the library, along with Marlen. It distracted Dimitri but not me. I still had the opening he'd given me on Galina, and I plunged my stake into her chest. It didn't go in as deeply as I would have liked, and she still managed to fight me, bucking hard. I grimaced and pushed forward, knowing the silver had to be affecting her. A moment later, I saw the pain twist her face. She faltered, and I pushed my advantage, shoving the stake in all the way. It took several seconds, but she eventually stopped moving, her body crumpling to the ground. If the other Strigoi noticed her death, they didn't pay attention. Nathan and Marlen were fixated on Dimitri. Another Strigoi-a female I didn't recognize-soon joined the face-off. I jerked my stake out of Galina and slowly began backing toward the window, hoping I wouldn't attract too much attention. My heart went out to Dimitri. He was outnumbered. I could possibly lend my strength and help him fight†¦ Of course, my strength was fading. I was still suffering from days of vampire bites and blood loss. I'd fought two Strigoi tonight and killed a powerful one. That had been my good deed, removing her from the world. The next best thing I could do would be to leave and let these Strigoi finish off Dimitri. The surviving ones would be leaderless and less of a threat. Dimitri would be free of this evil state, his soul finally able to move on to better places. And I would live (hopefully), having helped the world by killing more Strigoi. I bumped against the windowsill and looked out. Nighttime-not good. The sheer side of the manor was not ideal for climbing, either. It could be done, but it would be time consuming. I didn't have any more time. Directly below the window was a thickly leafed bush of some sort. I couldn't see it clearly and only hoped it wasn't a rosebush or something equally sharp. A second floor drop wouldn't kill me, though. Probably wouldn't even hurt-much. I climbed over the ledge, briefly meeting Dimitri's gaze as the other Strigoi moved in on him. The words came to me again: Don't hesitate. Dimitri's important lesson. But it hadn't been his first one. His first had been about what to do if I was outnumbered and out of options: Run. Time for me to run. I leapt out the window.

Action Research: Behavior Modification

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How to Change the Oil in Your Car - Essay Example Don't be scared, you don't need any high tech gadgets or tools to get the job done. Aside from the oil wrench, you probably already have all the other tools lying around in your garage. Just like with any other task, getting the right tools together is the first step towards successfully completing the job. The tools you will need (Memmer How to Change Your Oil...) include a combination wrench set (closed and open-ended), oil filter wrench, oil catch basin, a zip lock bag and a funnel. For the oil change itself you will need, a new oil filter and 4-5 quarts of oil (refer to your car manual for for grade and number of quarts). Any commercial oil such as Valvoline and Castrol will do the job. Since this work will require you to get down and dirty, you should wear pre-soiled work clothes in case any oil dropping come down on you. Surgical gloves on your hands for better grip on the oil plug and old oil filter are advised for safety reasons but not really necessary. As a further safety p recaution, have a jack and 4 jack stands handy. After getting all of the necessary tools and materials together, you are now ready to begin the change oil process. Now remember, hot oil will drain faster out of your car (eHow How to Change Your Motor Oil). ... Instead, you should jack up the car and place a stand underneath each of the 4 vital weight points (refer to car manual) in order to secure the car above you. Carefully position yourself under the car, making sure to protect yourself against any accidental oil drippings. Now you are ready to locate the oil drain plug. Carefully place the oil catch basin under the drain plug before unscrewing in order to insure that the old oil will not drain into the street or be absorbed into the soil. Now would be the best time to wear the surgical gloves if you want to because the first rush of oil out of that pan is going to be scalding hot. Remember to clean the drain plug then set it aside to replug the hole after the drain is complete. Check the plug for any sign of wear and tear. Replace the drain plug if necessary then replug the oil drain hole. Replugging the drain hole is best done by hand in order to insure that cross threading does not occur. Be sure not to over tighten the plug once you use the wrench to tighten it. Now take a breath, we are almost done. We've got only 3 more important steps to go. In order to fully drain the old oil from the car, you will have to remove and replace the old oil filter located somewhere underneath the car. It is usually positioned somewhere on the side of the engine. You will need the oil wrench to loosen and remove the old filter. Expect the remaining old oil to spurt out from this area so make sure that the oil catch basin is properly positioned to catch the oil. Since an incorrectly attached oil filter can lead to costlier repairs later on, make sure to inspect this area of the motor thoroughly. Using an old but clean

Managerial Finance (topic in instruction) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Managerial Finance (topic in instruction) - Essay Example Examples here include venture capital businesses that require consistent capital. However, the investors are allowed to limit their liability due to the massive outlay of capital and investments in the company’s operations. Another example that benefits from limited liability partnership are firms employing and owned by attorneys and accountants that offer professional services (Steingold & Bray, 2001).. A good example is the McGladrey & Pullen Limited Liability Partnership, a mega accounting firm in the United States. Evidently, a 1% investment acquired by partners in the company accrues a liability that limits their exposure to their personal amounts invested. 2. When does insider trading occur? What government agency is responsible for protecting against the unethical practice of insider trading? Explain by giving examples. Insider trading occurs when an individual in a company or associated with an employee of a company accesses pertinent information, and illegally uses it to purchase or sell stock (Macey, 1991). Evidently, such information is used by the individual to gain unfair advantage in the trading of stocks compared to the general public. Example of an insider trading is in reference to the case of Rajat Gupta, a prominent New York based businessman. Evidently, he is accused of acquiring insider from a board meeting of Goldman Sachs. The information revealed that Warren Buffet was planning to make a huge investment that would in effect raise the stock pricing of the firm. Consequently, Rajat Gupta collaborated with Raj Rajaratnam, a hedge fund manager and to purchase stocks from Goldman Sachs when the price was still down. To this end, the government agency in the United States charged with protecting against insider trading is the Securities and Exchange Commission. Its mission is to protect investors, ensure orderly, fair, efficient markets and oversee capital formation. Evidently, the Securities and Exchange Commission enforces the law aga inst insider trading through its division of enforcement. The enforcement division commences investigations against insider trading plus a host of other unethical issues. These include investigations against theft of customer securities or funds, manipulation of securities market prices, sale of unregistered securities, omission or misrepresentation of pertinent information concerning securities. An example of a successful conviction by the SEC in insider trading relates to the case of Rajat Gupta and his collaborator Raj Ratnaman, the hedge fund manager. Evidently, Rajaratnam was investigated by the SEC and found guilty of insider trading. 3. Explain how the tax code allows depreciation to contribute to cash flow. An innate understanding of the tax deductions of businesses offers an appealing opportunity for business proprietors to enjoy individual benefits from business expenditures. To this end, the tax code provides an opportunity for gross income deductions that minimize income taxes. Moreover, the increase of tax deductions minimizes income taxes and taxable income. Consequently, an understanding of how to maximize the deductible expenses of a business enables the proprietor to lower the taxes. Evidently, the tax code allows for tax deduction on expense depreciation. Consequently, it results to tax shield or tax saving that increases the operational cash flow by default. However, this action is based on the premise that a taxable income is present. In effect, if taxable income was not

Critical care nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Critical care nursing - Essay Example The drugs prescribed demonstrate that the endeavor was to keep her blood pressure within normal limits, to keep her cholesterol levels in check and prevent any further cardiovascular complications, primarily as a measure to reduce the risk of a heart attack (NIH). The prescribed drugs are standard regimen to keep the blood thin, control blood pressure and reduce hyperlipidemia. However, 5 days post-discharge, the woman was presented again at the emergency department with the primary complaint being that of sudden onset of breathing difficulty. According to her husband’s statement, the woman had probably forgotten to take some of the prescribed medication, had undergone stress due to current heat wave, and had exerted herself while making preparations for the ensuing Christmas celebrations. Vital signs as registered on arrival at the emergency facility included a respiratory rate of 28, heart rate of 130 suggestive of rhythm sinus tachycardia, a B.P. of 140/100, oxygen saturati on of 94% on 6 litre oxygen via facemask and a capillary refill value greater than 3 seconds. On palpation her skin felt cold as well as clammy. Upon lung auscultation, bilateral fine crackles were discernible. Immediate treatment recommended and provided at this stage was in the form of GTN (Nitroglycerine) infusion and an IV diuretic, frusemide at a dose of 40 mg after which she was shifted to the ICU. In the ICU, sinus tachycardia was observed along with a HR (Heart Rate) of 133. ECG (electrocardiograph) revealed resolving acute anterior septal myocardial infarction with present Q wave. She had marked hypotension with a value of 85/70 and JVP was estimated at 6 cms above the sternal angle. Echocardiography revealed an ejection fraction of 50% with poor diastolic filling. Respiration was shallow and tachypnoeic with a RR of 35. Despite a supplement of 10L/Nonbreathing mask oxygen therapy, she continued to maintain poor oxygen saturation at 80-90%. Her pain score was determined as 5/10 and the urine output was 200mls. GTN infusion was discontinued and she was put on dobutamine at a dose rate of 500 mg/100 mls in 5% dextrose titrated to a MAP of 70 mm Hg. Mask CPAP was initiated. The woman’s age, BMI and the clinical symptoms presented clearly show that she is at a clear risk of a sudden onset heart attack which has occurred according to her presented symptoms on admission at the emergency facility. Such acute heart failure syndromes (AHFS) are a recognized reason for the high rise of cases needing hospitalization over the last few decades due to rising incidence of lifestyle diseases (Coons et al, 2009). The risk of mortality is high in such cases and therapy has to be instituted immediately. The above patient’s history, signs and investigative laboratory scores clearly show that she is suffering from acute onset heart failure. Her low BP (85/70), evidence of sinus tachycardia (HR 133), poor diastolic filling suggestive of reduced left ventricul ar ejection fraction (LVEF), low RR (35) and poor oxygen saturation despite artificial support are clear markers for her diagnosis (Coons et al, 2009). Although the above signs are sufficient for establishing diagnosis of AHFS, it has been suggested that newer diagnostic markers such as cardiac troponin and B-type natriuretic peptide levels can assist in establishing a positive diagnosis and should be employed (Pulkki et al,

Analysis of Dubai Aviation Model. ( Paper subject is Strategy) Essay

Analysis of Dubai Aviation Model. ( Paper subject is Strategy) - Essay Example It is a major aviation hub in the Middle East, and is the main airport of Dubai, the second largest city of United Arab Emirates. Since the launching of Emirates, the national flag carrier of United Arab Emirates, in March 1985, according to Business Analysis, â€Å"Dubai-based Emirates Airline,. . . is one of the fastest growing and most consistently profitable carriers in aviation history†. With a start-up capital of $10 million and 2 leased airplanes from Pakistan International Airlines, which were subsequently returned in 1987, the airline has now grown to more than 148 fleets and still plans to have 320 by 2018 and 400 by 2020. Dubai International Airport is the home base of Emirates and is operated by the Department of Civil Aviation, a government owned company. Emirates by the way is managed by The Emirates Group under the holdings of Investment Corporation of Dubai, an investment arm of the government of Dubai. Based on the foregoing information, it is clear that the government of Dubai plays an important role in the success of the said entities. These two entities are crucial elements of Dubai’s growth and development. With Dubai Strategic Plan 2015 established in 2006 by Dubai ruler Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, as the guiding principles in their strategies and decisions, goals and targets were accomplished accordingly. It is a preparation for Dubai for the post-oil era by firmly establishing it as a leading destination not only for tourists but also for trade fairs and conferences and other revenue generating centers such as professional services, financial, and logistics and distribution hub. This paper will explain the factors that account for the success of Dubai’s aviation sector. The Oxford Economics report that Dubai‘s aviation model works because of a combination of factors, including a national

Matrix of Theoretical Models Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Matrix of Theoretical Models - Coursework Example Nursing meets self care through a number of ways including action, direction, teaching and providing an environment to meet their future health care demands. In this theory Orem describes the responsibilities of nurses, role of nurses and patients, and the types of actions required to meet the demands of patients. Each time when the nurses provide care to the patients, there activities are evaluated to see whether the desired goals are met (source: Dorothea Orem's Self-Care theory, 2012). In the case of a patient who is suffering from malnutrition due to inadequate iron supplementation, the patient himself can get out the danger situation if he pays sufficient attention to the diet in order to maintain his natural health. Here what the nurses can do is to direct and teach him about what he has supposed to do for maintaining a balanced diet. Moreover, the nurses can list out the food items that carry rich iron content. The nurses and patients can then plan the objectives. The nurses c an make the patients aware of the required changes in their actions and behavior. If the patients understand the need of maintaining an optimum nutrition, the nurses win their attempt. Here the outcome of such a treatment is that the patient while emerging from the ailment becomes aware of the necessity of self care. The main feature of this theory is that it pays equal emphasis to patients and nurses (Source: Application of Orem's Self-Care Deficit theory, 2011). 2. Â  Virginia Henderson's Need Theory This theory is based on the basic assumption that the nurses are required to take care of the patients until they again become capable of caring themselves. The care would help him to progress after getting discharged from the hospital. Through this definition she was well differentiating nursing from medicine. Another noticeable assumption is that nurses devote to the patients day and night until they get back to the normal life. Nurses while carrying out their jobs help the patient s to care themselves as well. The third and final assumption is that nurses have to be educated at college levels with a specific focus on sciences and arts. The most aspects of this theory were adopted from Abraham Maslow’s need hierarchy theory. The components in this theory, especially the first nine ones are physiological in nature. The tenth and the fourteenth aspects are psychological. However, according to this theory a nurse is one who helps the patient to be independent from the bed and the terrific troubles of illness. The need theory of Virginia Henderson can be best applied in each and every area of the nursing field as it is a comprehensive nursing theory, which embraces fourteen basic human needs. This theory can be applicable to different phases ranging from a patient’s hospitalization to his discharge. Since this theory gives first priority to the patient’s independence, it requires nurses to make a patient’s recovery as fast as possible s o that he can leave the hospital without much delay. As per this theory, an individual will not be perfectly healthy unless he is able to meet all the fourteen basic needs (cited in Heath, 1995, p.7). Therefore, a person with an illness cannot meet all these needs. As a result, this theory can be best appli

Gender and Flag Question Essay Example for Free

Gender and Flag Question Essay Feminists argue that gender matters because _____. Select one: a. it helps us bring some order to a chaotic world b. it structures social relations between people c. it emphasizes natural differences that exist between men and women d. there are roles for which men are each better suited and other roles for which women are better suited Question 2 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Your introductory sociology professor believes that gender roles serve a purpose in society to fulfill certain functions. What type of theoretical background is your professor espousing? Select one: a. conflict b. postmodern c. structuration d. structural functionalism Question 3 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Which of the following theories is associated with the idea that gender is a process—a product of our everyday social interactions? Select one: a. psychoanalytic theory b. conflict theory c. microinteractionist theory d. postmodern theory Question 4 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text How might a sociologist describe the difference between homosexuality and homosexual behavior? Select one: a. Homosexuality is a fixed social identity that is determined at birth, and homosexual behavior is the outward manifestation of that identity. b. Homosexuality is a lifestyle choice, whereas homosexual behavior is a choice about how to act in a particular moment and context. c. Homosexuality implies having a certain social identity, whereas homosexual behavior is a choice about a particular activity at a particular time. d. Homosexuality implies obtaining a social identity through repeated homosexual behavior Question 5 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text While policies that overtly discriminate against women have mostly been driven from the workplace, there still exist covert barriers that are often referred to as _____. Select one: a. the mommy track b. the glass ceiling c. hegemonic masculinity d. the glass escalator Question 6 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text _____ is a nearly universal system involving the subordination of femininity to masculinity. Select one: a. Patriarchy b. Sexism c. Matriarchy d. Hegemonic masculinity Question 7 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Gender studies can be said to focus on the relationship between _____. Select one: a. nature and nurture b. sex and sexuality c. men and women d. sexual preference and social environment Question 8 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Which of the following statements offers an essentialist explanation for gender differences? Select one: a. Women find themselves in lower paying jobs with fewer opportunities for advancement because such jobs make it easier for them to balance work and family. b. Women take on more responsibility for domestic tasks because men still think of such things as women’s work. c. There are far fewer women professors in the hard sciences because women are tracked toward the humanities and social sciences. d. Women are overrepresented in professions such as nursing, teaching, and social work because they are inherently more nurturing and caring than men. Question 9 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text Women working in male-dominated professions often find that there are _____ opportunities for advancement, and men working in female-dominated professions often advance _____ their female colleagues. Select one: a. limited; more slowly than b. limited; as quickly as c. ample; as quickly as . limited; more quickly than Question 10 Not yet answered Marked out of 3. 00 Flag question Question text The interview with Paula England highlights the changing gender dynamics of relationships for college students. In what way have the female college students that Dr. England describes lost a level of equality with male college students? Select one : a. Women have more limited choices in dating partners. b. Women encounter a lack of reciprocal sexual pleasure. c. Women encounter reduced communication about relationships from men. d. Women are burdened with a larger share of the â€Å"emotional work† required to keep a relationship function.

Gospel Parallels Essay Example for Free

Gospel Parallels Essay This is a research report of what I read and studied among the two paragraphs in Throckmorton’s Gospel Parallels: Paragraph 6, â€Å"The Baptism of Jesus,† and Paragraph 249, â€Å"The Crucifixion.† This report will note where the parallel Gospels differ and where they are similar. Additionally, you will find interpretations by me of the text critical notes and then I’ll decide which reading is the better one. The Beatitudes â€Å"Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of Heaven† (Matthew 5:3). The Beatitudes are a group of sayings by Jesus that began with the words, â€Å"Blessed are,† and went on to identify who was blessed and why. It then finished with an exhortation. In this first case, the â€Å"poor in spirit† are those who are blessed because they will receive the kingdom of Heaven. The Beatitudes can only be found in Matthew and Luke, and while they have many similarities, there are also differences. These help us to discover things about the sources used, as well as the intention of the author. First of all, one must note that Mark was not used as a source, since the Beatitudes are not found in Mark, yet Matthew and Luke still have many exact or common phrases. The similarities point to a common source, which we will call â€Å"Q.† However, Matthew and Luke show many differences as well, meaning that they did not simply use source â€Å"Q.† Matthew and Luke each inserted some sort of oral or written tradition before writing their own text. Many of the blessings stated in the texts are parallel between the two gospels. They both talk about the poor as well as the kingdom of Heaven. They talk about those who are hungry and how they will be filled. They also talk about those who are hated on account of Jesus. Finally, they end with a command to rejoice, for those persecuted will have a great reward in Heaven since the same kind of persecution was done to the prophets. At the same time, however, Matthew and Luke clearly have different objectives or opinions regarding the text. In Matthew, the â€Å"poor† are the â€Å"poor in spirit,† while in Luke they are simply â€Å"poor.† Similarly, when talking about the hungry, Matthew is referring to those who are spiritually hungry while Luke talks about those who are physically hungry. Also, Matthews list of Beatitudes is much longer and includes talking about those who are merciful, pure in heart, the peacemaker, and those who are persecuted. Luke leaves these out entirely, probably because Luke was focusing more on the physical well-being of people. What is the reason for these differences? There seems to be an overarching theme that is carried out within both of these books. Matthew focuses on the divinity and suffering/rejection of Jesus. This then shows up within the Beatitudes as Matthew focuses on the spirituality rather than physicality of the believers (poor in spirit verses simply poor), in the same way that he focuses on the divinity rather than physicality of Jesus. In addition, Jesus is portrayed as one who is rejected, which is also a common theme as Matthew talks about the rejection of the believers and how they will be given the kingdom of Heaven. So, just as Jesus is rejected in Matthew, so will the believers be rejected. Furthermore, it can be seen that Matthew is talking to an audience that wants to incorporate all believers, not just Jews. Matthew very carefully points out that Jesus says, â€Å"Blessed are those,† â€Å"Blessed are they,† â€Å"Blessed are the,† which implies that Jesus is not talking to just those who were gathered at the time before Him (in contrast â€Å"Blessed are you†). Jesus means that anyone is blessed when they do these things. In Luke, the Beatitudes are focused more on those who are in need, a familiar theme throughout Luke. Here, Jesus is portrayed as one who is concerned for the poor, the marginalized, women, etc. Luke clearly points out in his Beatitudes that Jesus is concerned with those who are in need and gives them hope for the future, that they will be filled, receive the kingdom of Heaven, have reason to leap for joy, etc. This comes just two chapters after Jesus mission statement from Isaiah 61 as He proclaims that He has been anointed to preach good news to the poor. While Luke also wants to incorporate the gentiles into his audience, he does have Jesus saying, â€Å"Blessed are you,† while speaking to the Jewish crowd that had gathered around Him. This is no surprise since Luke wants to undertake a more concise and put-together account of Jesus ministry. It seems that he thinks it more likely that Jesus would have addressed his audience directly. It does, however, deviate in the last line as Jesus says â€Å"for that is what their ancestors did to the prophets† rather than â€Å"for that is what your ancestors. . .† This could perhaps be an argument for Lukes idea of the universality of the church. Both of these accounts provide glimpses into Jesus ministry and the heart or direction of the author, and though both contain varying accounts, it seems all the more credible since they were written to a certain audience at a certain time.

Anti Abortion Argumentative Paper Philosophy Essay

Anti Abortion Argumentative Paper Philosophy Essay Don Marquis once made the statement, The loss of ones life is one of the greatest losses one can suffer. The loss of ones life deprives one of all the experiences and enjoyments that would otherwise have constituted ones future. In todays society one of the ongoing questions is when is it right to take the life of another being, more specifically an unborn child. Abortion is mentally and physically damaging for a woman and her fetus. It should not be legal for distinct reasons. These distinct reasons are there are many risks associated with abortion, there are other options rather than getting an abortion and abortion is murder. There are alternative choices instead of getting an abortion. The first and most effective option is not to have sex. The second option is to have the baby and let others care for it. There are companies designed to help find homes for children without proper parents. The third option is to have the baby and put him or her up for adoption. This can provide a solution to couples facing infertility. Abortion is unnecessary due to these alternatives and others. Second, mental and physical health risks are associated with abortions. A patient may experience hemorrhaging, infection, or death. The most common risk of getting an abortion is breast cancer. During a womans first pregnancy, the breast structure is permanently changed. It seems apparent that cancerous changes occur more frequently among these transitional cells of a woman who has terminated her pregnancy. If she aborts more than once before completing a pregnancy, her chance for cancer increases even more. There are 1.6 million abortions each year; 56% are first abortions and 44% are second or more (Stotland 56). With these figures, one in ten women may develop breast cancer, and 25% of them may die (Stotland 63). However, there are not only physical risks to abortion, but mental risks also. Some women feel relief after an abortion, but many suffer Post Abortion Stress. The symptoms of Post Abortion Stress include anger, guilt, flashbacks, sexual dysfunction, suicidal ideas, halluc ination, and increased drug or alcohol use. These facts alone are evidence that abortions are too dangerous for a woman and her child. Third, abortion is murder because the fetus is a well-developed organism before the abortion takes place. Within the first three weeks, the heart is pumping blood, arms and legs bud, and brain is present. Within a month, the mouth, ears, and nose are present. Brainwaves can be recorded and heartbeat detected at forty days and the skeleton is formed. During this period, the brain is controlling the movement of muscles and organs and the unborn reflexively responds to stimuli. This all takes place before the earliest surgical abortions are performed. Many also believe that because the fetus is not living, it does not experience pain. The babys spinal reflexes are sufficiently developed to feel pain around week seven. Mother Theresa said, The greatest destroyer of peace is abortion because if a mother can kill her own child, what is left for me to kill you and you to kill me? There is nothing between. If we have no peace, it is because we have forgotten that we belong to each other. Murder is defined as deliberately killing another person not in self-defense or without any other extenuating circumstance recognized by the law. Abortion is killing another person and abortion is not in self-defense. Abortion is murder and takes the life of another human being. Abortion is murder and should be illegal in the United States of America. Anti-Thesis Every woman in the world should have the right to decide how to carry their beings. No government should feel that they have the right to dictate to a person what road their lives should take. Those claiming pro-life are really no more than anti-choice. These pro-lifers crave to put the future of women into the hands of the government. Abortion, and any medical decisions women make, are very private and should never be available for debate. The question of morality cant be a valid argument concerning abortion, because it is not of morality but of option and constitutionality. A common assumption is that people who are pro-choice are actually pro-abortion. Many people that support womens rights could be personally against abortions. That does not mean that they allow the government to pass laws directing what women do with their bodies. Those who are pro-choice simply believe that it is the right of a woman to assess her situation and decide if a baby will benefit or be devastating to her live. People that are opposed to abortion dont take a many things into consideration. For one, consider how the life of a teenager may be ruined if an abortion is not available. Another thing not assessed is the severe family trauma that will result if a baby is forced, by law to be born. Those opposing abortion are unwavering with their ideas and believe that they have a solution to every situation. Pregnant? Try adoption! They will help you support the baby. What ever the womens situation may be, the conservative will not bend. Many suggest adoption as a practical alternative to abortion. But, in reality, this is not a decent substitute. The majority of middle class white couples that are willing to adopt do not want to adopt the mixed race babies (which are the majority put up for adoption). Why else would there be a waiting list for couples to be held in for a few years when there are so many other kinds of babies out there? Would those to claim to have a heart and save a life like these unwanted children grow up as wards of the state, living a life of distress and misfortune? To all of those fighting for laws that will make abortion against the law: do you really think that the law will stop a woman from carrying out with the abort of an unwelcome pregnancy? Drugs are illegal and there plenty of people out there still using. The only thing a law against abortions will achieve will be forcing pregnant women to seek medical attention in unsafe situations, leaving them with not only in the termination of the pregnancy, but perhaps their own lives as well. For a prime example when abortion was prohibited in the 1940s, there were still cases of women seeking help elsewhere. The only alteration though, is that these women typically ended up dead because of hemorrhaging or infection. Bottom line, if a woman wants an abortion, illegal or legal, nothing will get in her way. Why would pro life people, who allegedly put so much significance in life, want to jeopardize the live of another person? Dont get me wrong, if legal abortion is banned, some abortions may be prevented. A woman may not be able to fund an alley-way, black market abortion and would have to deliver. This will be quite unfortunate. Naturally, Mother would be depressed, and in all actuality not deliver the proper care, may drink, do drugs, or any other thing she could do to harm the life of the baby and herself. Post delivery, the mother could very well resent the baby, realizing that it has trashed her chance of ever carrying out her objectives in life. If these women mandated into maternity do happen to keep their child, there is a significant chance of child abuse and neglect. These surplus kids, raised by the state or disregarding parents, would then give birth to yet the next generation of unwanted children. Moreover, in some desperate and impulsive situations, new mothers may become inconsolable, having the idea that since they could not have an abortion they will kill their baby right after birth, thinking they would get away with it and continue on with there lives before the whole wrenched scene. After all of these scenarios are considered fairly by an open-minded person, abortion is the better of them. Many of those who are pro life argue that any of these situations are preferable to abortion. They ultimate goal, they think, is to have the child be alive. They claim that it is unfair and unjust for anyone to take that choice of life away from the fetus. Essentially, what they really want is to take the choice away from the mother and give it to the unborn child, giving them this wonderful prospect to be brought into a loveless, forlorn, and cold so ciety. Synthesis

FIFA Corruption Essays -- world cup, ethics committe, presidents

Fifa has made  £1,200,000,000 per year from sponsors, television and the World Cup. Fifa’s latest financial amount over the four years to the end of 2010 show the organisation has earned more than four billion. That's an increase of fifty-nine percent over the previous four year stretch which included the World Cup in Germany (BBC, pars. 1). Its broadcast rights and marketing which are leading the boom of course, and Fifa is riding the wave that's thrown the Premier League skywards too (BBC, pars. 2). Fifa has banked $631m to its reserves, which now stand at $1.2 billion (BBC, pars. 3). Fifa says of the money it raised, seventy percent was ploughed back into the game by staging tournaments and investing in projects. Fifa put $794m into football development, including its 'Goal' and 'Win in Africa' projects (BBC, pars. 4). More than $350m has been handed out to the member FAs, under what's called the Financial Assistance Programme (BBC, pars. 5) FIFA was first created in the year 1904 and since then they have a long history about how soccer became a worldwide sport. The history of FIFA begins after an international soccer match played between France and Belgium, taking place in Brussels, Belgium on 1 May, 1904. The French and Belgium soccer players decided that it would be a good idea to create a soccer association to make rules of soccer.So they created the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) which is now one of the most famous football associations in the world. FIFA was founded in the rear of the headquarters of the Union Franà §aise de Sports Athlà ©tiques at the Rue Saint Honorà © 229 in Paris on 21 May 1904(CFH, pars. 1). The Fà ©dà ©ration Internationale de Football Association(FIFA) was named by the French d... ...History of Fifa† FIFA.com, Web. 18 Feb. 2014 Hughes, Rob. â€Å"One by One , Those Atop FIFA Are Falling† The New York Times, Web. 7 Feb. 2014 â€Å"History of FIFA-More associations follow† FIFA.com, Web. 18 Feb. 2014 Tannenwald, Jonathan. â€Å"FIFA's Sepp Blatter Qatar won 2022 World Cup bid with political influence† Philly Sports, Web. 7 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Fifa Origin† Essoccer.com, Web. 17 Feb. 2014 â€Å"Fifa History† Essocer.com, Web. 17 Feb. 2014

Euthanasia: The Right Choice for America Essay -- Argumentative Persua

Euthanasia: The Right Choice for America The ethical debate of euthanasia continues while Oregon remains the only state in which it is legalized in. Based on the success of the Oregon euthanasia law, this law should serve as a model to the rest of the nation and it should be implemented all across the U.S. The success and effectiveness of this law can be seen through many case studies and statistics. Of course, there is a line that is often crossed with doctors who euthanize under unlawful conditions; however, under the right circumstances euthanasia can work. Should the United States of America continue to overlook a patent’s wishes and desires and instead primarily focus on doing everything possible to keep a person alive when there is no need? Where is the rationality in letting a person who is suffering die a slow painful death? Granted physicians are obliged to preserve life at all costs, under many circumstances, there is no need for this effort. If a patient requests death, his wish should be respected and approved. Why must the right to die be taken away? If there is no justifiable reason to preserve someone’s life, there should be no need to do it. One example reflects the experiences of a man named David Miller’s grandmother. He shares a story of her after she was diagnosed with emphysema. The disease contributed to her inability to use her neck muscles, to breath, and to speak. Many question such a doctors’ judgment in keeping such a person, who’s both suffering and serving no purpose to the world, alive. (Miller, 27) Sometimes, doctors need to focus on the quality of life of a patient, especially if the patient is suffering. Terms such as passive euthanasia and active euthanasia are often tos... ...ide Largely Shunned.† The Christian Century Dec 2000: 1267 Buckley, William F. â€Å"Killer Doc.† National Review Dec 1998: 70 Kavanaugh, John F. â€Å"Euthanizing Life† America May 2001: 28 MacQueen, Ken. â€Å"Choosing Suicide† Maclean’s v. 115 no31 (August 5 2002) p. 40-1 Miller, David. â€Å"From Life in Death in a Peaceful Instant.† The Humanist (May/ June 2000) 27 Nichols, Mark. â€Å"Offering a Helping Hand to Those Who Long to Die.† Maclean’s March 1998: 52 Rayner, Clair. â€Å"You Say Murder, I Say Euthanasia.† New Statesman June 2000: 31 Richardson, Andrea E. â€Å"Death with Dignity: The Ultimate Human Right?† The Humanist (July/ Aug 2002) p. 42-43 Sarasohn, David. â€Å"No Last Rights† The Nation v.273 no19 (December 10 2001) p. 8 Welie, Jos V. M. â€Å"Why Physicians? Reflections on the Netherlands’ New Euthanasia Law.† The Hastings Center Report Jan/Feb 2002: 42-44

Toward Effective Emotional Intelligence Simulation Essay -- Psychology

The ability to understand the emotions of others is critical for successful interactions among humans (Dias & Paiva, 2009; Kazemifard, Ghasem-Aghaee, & Ãâ€"ren, 2010). The psychological theory of emotional intelligence (EI) proposes four categories of relevant abilities (Mayer & Salovey, 1997): (1) identifying emotions, (2) understanding emotions, (3) using emotions in thought processes, and (4) managing emotions. This research focuses on emotion understanding, the cognitive activity of making inferences using emotional knowledge about why an agent is in an emotional state (e.g., unfair treatment makes an individual angry) and which actions are associated with the emotional state (e.g., an angry individual attacks others). Such emotion understanding in humans develops through their experiences with other agents. How might such learning in humans inform a model to enable artificial emotional agents to develop emotion understanding? Our approach to answering this question proposes a model of emotion understanding that combines psychological theories of episodic and semantic memory with ...

Online Study

Chapters 5 and 6 Study Guide 1. For the Romans, _________ Italy's __________ geography made Rome a natural crossroads and an area easy to defend. P114 2. Rome was established in the first millennium B. C. on the plain of __________ plain of Latium ___________. P114 3. All of the following about the Etruscans are correct expelled many of Rome's patrician class and established a republic in Rome in 509 B. C. p. 114-115 a. | settled north of Rome. | b. | adopted alphabetic language from the Greeks before 600 B. C. | c. | had begun to decline by 480 B. C. | . | â€Å"civilized† Rome by turning it into a true city. | 4. ______________ Rome ____________ set a precedent for treating its vanquished foes after forming the Roman Confederation by offering the most favored â€Å"allied† peoples full Roman citizenship, thus giving them a stake in successful Roman expansion. p. 120 5. _____________ Rome’s ______’s conquest of the Italian peninsula by 264 B. C. can be attributed in part to superb diplomacy. p. 121 6. In defeating the ___________ Greek ____________ city-states in southern Italy, Rome had to fight the soldiers of King Pyrrhus, sent against them by the Greeksp. 20 7. The Roman ____________ Dictator _____________ was a temporary executive during the period of the Republic and exercised unlimited power for a period of usually six months. p. 117 8. Executive authority or ___________ imperium ___________ during the Roman Republic was held by the consuls and praetors. p. 117 9. As Rome expanded, it became Roman policy to govern the provinces with officials known as ______________ proconsuls __________ and propraetors. p. 117 10. The ___________ paterfamilias ________ in Roman society was the male head of the household. p. 118 11.Originally the Roman ________ Senate __________ could only advise the magistrates in legal matters. p. 117 12. In their struggle with the patricians, Roman __________ plebeins ____________employed which of the following tactics: a physical withdrawal from the state undercutting its military manpower and the formation of popular assemblies to lobby for more political reforms. p. 118 13. The _______ twelve _______ Tables was/were the first formal codification of Roman law and customs. p. 118-119 14. The following statements about the Roman armies in the early Republic are correct. . 125 a. | All soldiers were citizens. | b. | Most soldiers were farmers. | c. | Soldiers were enrolled for only a year. | d. | In the fourth century BCE there were four legions, each consisting of 4,000 to 5,000 men. | 15. The _________ Carthaginians __________originated from Phoenician Tyre. p. 121 16. The immediate cause of the First Punic War was Rome sending an army to_______ Sicily ____________. p. 122 17. As a result of the First Punic War the Carthaginians were forced to withdraw from ___________ Sicily _____________ and pay an indemnity to Rome. . 122 18. During the Second Punic War, ____________ Scipio Africanus _______________ expelled the Carthaginians from Spain and later won the decisive Battle of Zama. p. 124 19. The Second Punic War saw Carthage carry a land war to Rome by crossing the _____ Alps ____. p. 123 20. The Roman senator who led the movement for the complete destruction of Carthage was ___ Cato ____. P. 124 21. The result of the _________ Third Punic War ____________ Punic War was the complete destruction and subjugation of Carthage. p. 124 22.It can best be said that __________ Roman _____________ imperial expansion was highly opportunistic, responding to unanticipated military threats and possibilities for glory. p. 124 23. The head of the Roman religious observances was______ the pontifex maximus _______. p. 127 24. In Roman __________ religion ______________, a right relationship with the gods was achieved by accurate performance of rituals and festivals. p. 127 25. Roman religious practices included: a. | a college of priests to carry out rituals correctly. | b. | the adoption of certain Greek gods like Apollo. | p. 27 26. With regards to Roman schooling, education stressed training in __________ Greek _______________ and mastery of rhetoric, or persuasive public speaking. p. 128 27. By the latter Republic, Roman slaves often worked on the Roman _______house hold workers___________. p. 129 28. Roman ________upper________-class women typically had some independent legal rights and property. p. 131 29. In Rome, the male family head, the paterfamilias, couldp. 129 a. | sell his children. | b. | put his children to death. | c. | arrange the marriages of all offspring. | d. | divorce his wife. | 30.The Romans' most noticeable innovations in art and culture were found in __________ architecture _____________ and ____________ engineering ___________. p. 13331. The reforms of Gaius and Tiberius ________________ Gracchus _______________resulted in further instability and violence as they polarized various social groups. p. 13632. The __________ equites ____________were a wealthy and ambitious class of Romans who appeared in the late Republic. p. 135 33. ______________ Sulla ___________'s legacy and importance was that he employed his personal army in political disputes, paving the way toward Roman civil war. . 13734. Among the dangerous military innovations of _______ Marius _______________threatening the Republic, one finds he recruited destitute volunteers who swore an oath of allegiance only to him. p. 13635. Cicero: a. | believed in a â€Å"concord of the orders. â€Å"| b. | was a â€Å"new man† of the equestrian order. | c. | was a great orator and capable lawyer. | d. | advocated a balanced government of monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy. | p. 13836. Julius ____________ Caesar ______________led military commands in Spain and especially Gaul that enhanced his popularity. p. 13837.The First Triumvirate included____ Caesar____, ___ Crassus____, and___ Pompey____. p. 138 Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey.38. By crossing the___________ Rubicon ____________, Caesar showed that he was willing to disobey the direct orders of the Senate. p. 13939. The Roman Senate under _____________ Augustus ______________was retained as the chief deliberative body of the Roman state. p. 14840. The absolute monarchical powers of Augustus as princeps led to a. | the usual victory of his candidates in official elections. | b. | the decline of popular participation in elections. | c. his great popularity, as he followed proper legal forms for his power. | p. 14941. Augustus held the titles of imperator, ____________imperium____________, tribune, and prineps. p. 148-14942 . The Roman ________ praetorian _______________ guards were elite troops given the task of protecting the emperor. p. 15043. Under the rule of______________ Augustus _____________, the Roman Empire turned towards an absolute monarchy, with the princeps overshadowing the Senate. p. 14844. The event that curtailed _____________ Augustus's ________________’s expansionist policies was the defeat by Varus in the Teutoburg Forest. . 15145. Romanization in Roman empire occurred quickly in the __________West________. P. 158 west46. Among Augustus' most important actions in the area of Roman religion was his creation of an imperial ___________Cult_______________. p. 15247. The city on the Tiber that was Rome's chief port was________ Ostia _______________. p. 15848. Livy was best known in the Augustan Age for his __________ History of Rome ___________ in 142 books. p. 15349. Ovid's ___________ The Art of Love _________________ caused great displeasure to Augustus and led to Ovid's even tual exile. p. 52-15350. The â€Å"golden age† historian ___________ Livy ______________is well known for his perceiving history in terms of sharp moral lessons. p. 15351. The successor to Augustus and first of the Julio-Claudian rulers was_________ Tiberius ____________. p. 15452. The Julio-Claudian emperors varied in ability and effectiveness. p. 15453. During the reigns of the _____________ Julio-Claudian ____________ emperors, Emperors took more and more actual ruling power away from the old Senate. p. 15454. The first of the Flavian emperors was___________ Vespasian _______________. . 15455. The correct order of the five â€Å"good emperors† is _______ Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antonius Pious, Marcus Aurelius _____. p. 15556. All of the following occurred during the reigns of the five â€Å"good emperors† a. | being a period of peace for 100 years. | b. | the establishment of educational programs for the poor. | c. | extensive building programs. | d. | being an era of prosperity. | p. 15557. Trade and commerce in the Early Empire stimulated manufacturing, concentrated some industries in certain areas, was secondary in importance to ____ agriculture ___. . 16058. The â€Å"good emperor† Marcus Aurelius was regarded as a philosopher king deeply influenced by the principles of _______ Stoicism _____________. p. 15559. The largest area of Roman innovation in architecture was the use of ___________ concrete ____________on a massive scale. p. 16260. Imperial Rome's _______ gladiatorial ________shows were government-backed spectacles used to content the masses. p. 16461. The two Roman cities that destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 A. D. were Pompeii and _______ Herculaneum _________. p. 16662.Among the upper classes of the Early Empire ______ women _____ had considerable freedom and independence. p. 16763. The early values of___________ Christianity ____________, as exemplified in Jesus' â€Å"sermon on the mount,† emphasized devotion to the values of humility, charity, and true brotherly love. p. 17164. Early ___ Christianity ______ was molded into a broader religious movement by Paul of Tarsus. p. 17165. The emperor who said, â€Å"Live in harmony, make the soldiers rich, and don't give a damn for anything else† was____ Septimius Severus ________. p. 16966.The late third century emperor who reconquered and reestablished order in the east and along the Danube and who was known as the â€Å"restorer of the world† was_____ Aurelian ______. p. 16967. The two Roman emperors who notably persecuted the Christian minority were ____ Decius _______ and ____ Diocletian ______. p. 176 NOTE:The correct answers are provided for numbers 3, 14, 25, 29, 35, 40, 52, and 56.Chapters 7, 8 and 9 Study Guide1. The Edict of _________ Milan ________ was Constantine's document officially tolerating the existence of Christianity.P1822. The Council of ________ Nicaea ____________ in 325 defined Christ a s being â€Å"of the same substance† as God. P1833. The heresy of Arianism questioned the divinity of ______ Jesus _______. P1834. In the late fourth century, the Visigoths and other Germanic tribes, were pushed into the Balkans region of the Eastern Roman Empire because of pressure from the _______ Huns ______. P1845. ________ Theodoric ________, the Ostrogothic king who took control of Italy, was determined to maintain Roman customs and practices in Italy. P1886.After the death of _______ theodoric ________, the Ostrogothic kingdom was defeated by the Byzantines, reducing Rome as a center of Mediterranean culture. P1887. The Frankish palace official, Charles Martel, successfully defended the civilization of the new western European kingdoms in 732 by defeating Muslim armies in 732 and driving them back to Spain. P1898. Guilt under Germanic customary law was determined by compurgation and ordeal. P1909. Frankish marriage customs placed strong sanctions (sometimes death) on a dulterous _________ women _________. P19110. The pope who supposedly caused Attila and the Huns to turn away from Rome was ___Leo 1_______. P19411. The Petrine Doctrine was the belief that the bishops of Rome held a preeminent position in the church. P19312. Augustine did all of the following:P192-193 a. | write Confessions. | b. | use pagan culture in the service of Christianity. | c. | advocate marriage for the procreation of children as a good alternative for Christians incapable of upholding the ideal of celibacy as a means to holiness. | d. | author The City of God. |13. Augustine's Confessions was written as an account of his own miraculous personal conversion. P19214. Saint Jerome, is known for all of the following:P193 a. | his mastery of Latin prose. | b. | his skills as a linguist. | c. | his translations of the Old and New Testaments from Hebrew and Greek into Latin. | d. | becoming one of the Latin Fathers of the Church. |15. The father of hermit monasticism was ______ S t. Anthony ____________. P19516. The basic rule for western monastic living was developed by ___ benedict __________. P19517. Benedictine monasticism is characterized by:P196 a. | an ideal of moderation. | b. | the communal life. | c. isolated, self-sustaining communities. | d. | vows and rules. |18. The â€Å"Apostle to the Germans† and the most famous churchman in Europe in the eighth century was ______ Boniface __________. P19819. In 597, Pope Gregory the Great sent the monk, Augustine, to England to convert the Anglo-Saxons. P19720. Pope Gregory the Great was responsible for all of the following:P194 a. | creating the Papal States. | b. | recognizing the Byzantine emperor as the rightful ruler of Italy. | c. | supporting the work of Christian missionaries in England. | d. | becoming Bishop of Rome. |21.The primary instrument of Pope Gregory for converting the Germanic peoples of Europe was____ monastic movement ________. P19522. The greatest difference between Irish Chris tianity and Roman Christianity was in Irish church organization, giving Irish abbots more power than bishops. P19723. One of the greatest nuns of the seventh monastery, and founder of the Whitby monastery was ___ St. Hilda _________. P19824. The great Christian scholar of late antiquity, ________ Cassiodorus ______________, divided the seven liberal arts into the trivium and quadrivium. According to Cassiodorus, the trivium includes grammar, hetoric, and dialectic or logic. P20025. Justinian's military conquests under the general, Belisarius, were __ Vandal Kingdom in North Africa _and Italian peninsula occupying sicily________________________. P20126. Justinian's most important contribution to Western civilization was his_____ codification of the law ______. P20227. The Corpus Iuris Civilis (Body of Civil Law) compiled under Justinian was the last Byzantine contribution to the west to be written in Latin. P20228. The woman whose support put down the Nika Revolt against Justinian's rule in 532 was_________ Theodora _____. P20329.The following are great buildings in the city of Constantinople:P204 a. | Hagia Sophia| b. | Hippodrome| c. | Royal Palace| d. | b and d|30. During the period of the Roman Empire, the Arabian Peninsula was dominated by the ____ bedouin nomads ______. P20631. The cardinal principle of the Islamic faith is that there is only God and his prophet is ________ Muhammad ___________. P20732. Muhammad's flight from Mecca to Medina in 622 is known as the _______ Hegira ______. P20733. The following are similarities between Christianity and Islam:P207 a. | Each of the faiths had a holy book. | b. | Both religions were monotheistic. c. | Both religions had as part of their scriptures divine revelation. | d. | Both religions envisioned heaven or paradise for believers.34. The successors to Muhammad's leadership of the Muslims were known as______ caliphs ______. P20835. Muslim societies abide by a strict code of law, much of it derived from the holy book Qur'an, and regulating all aspects of Muslim life. This law code is called ______ Shari'a. ____. P207-20836. The Muslim dynasty that assumed power after the assassination of Muhammad's son-in-law, Ali, and moved the capital to Damascus was the ______ Umayyad __________.P 20937. In the Early Middle Ages, the cultivation of new land was hard because the forests of Europe were so thick and crude tools of the era made land clearing arduous. P21438. In the early Middle Ages, Germanic tribes newly converted to Christianity still held pagan beliefs such as trees were sacred beings and could not be cut down. P21439. The first Frankish king to be anointed in holy ceremony by an agent of the pope was _____ Pepin _______. P21440. Charlemagne's most disappointing military campaign came against the _______ Basques __________. P21541.The coronation of ___________ Charlemagne _____________ in 800 as emperor of the Romans symbolized the fusion of Roman, Germanic, and Christian cultures. P2184 2. Regarding sexuality, the Catholic Church in the Early Middle Ages could not enforce clerical celibacy. P22043. Socially and culturally, the church's advocacy of indissoluble marriage resulted in the development of the nuclear family at the expense of the extended family. P22044. Medicine in the Early Middle Ages and medicine in earlier pagan times used __medicines and natural practices with appeals for other-worldly help, magical rites and influences were used_______.P22345. Carolingian society was marked by all of the following:P222 a. | the use of bleeding to cure illness. | b. | different patterns of consumption of foodstuffs among rich and poor. | c. | the vices of gluttony and drunkenness. | d. | considerable violence. |46. What was the name of the treaty that divided the Carolingian Empire in 843? P224_______________ treaty of Verdun___________47. The division of Europe into three kingdoms after the death of Louis the Pious led to an incessant struggle between Louis the Ger man, Charles the Bald, and their heirs over disputed territories. P22448.The following statements are true of the Vikings:P226-227 a. | Their iron weapons and superior shipbuilding were largely responsible for their successful raids. | b. | Their raids and settlements aided the growth of fief-holding. | c. | Christianity assimilated them into European civilization. | d. | They came from Scandinavia. |49. One of the most famous Vikings, who discovered Greenland, was ___ Erik the Red. ____. P22850. In Western Europe, the chief political repercussion of frequent Viking raids was an increase in the power of local aristocrats to whom threatened populations turned for effective protection.P22851. Feudalism of medieval Europe was primarily a complex system of vassalage by which the weak sought protection and sustenance from powerful local nobles. P22852. The â€Å"hierarchical† fief-holding system in which vassals in turn had vassals owing them services was known as _____ subinfeuda tion ______. P22953. The major obligation of the lord to the _____ vassal ____ was economic support and protection either militarily or through grants of land. P22954. Under _____ feudalism _______of the Early Middle Ages the major obligation of a vassal to his lord was to provide military service. P22955. The ____ Slavs _________ were originally a single people in central Europe. P23656. The Swedish Vikings-the Varangians-became known or assimilated with which of the following groups: ________ Russians ___________. P23757. The ruthless Russian leader responsible for tying Russian political and religious ideals to the Byzantine Empire was _______ Vladimir 1 _______. P23758. The Islamic city in Spain that served as the Umayyad capital was _______ Cordoba ____. P23959. The capital city of the Umayyad Caliphate and center of an Islamic empire was ____ Damascus ______. P23760. The major socio-political change associated with the _______ Abbasid _____ Caliphate is promotion of judges, me rchants, and government officials over warriors as ideal citizens. P23861. The Abbasids broke down the distinctions between Arab and non-Arab Muslims. P23762. One consequence of the new agriculture of the Early Middle Ages was the destruction of the ______farmland__________. P24463. The â€Å"agricultural revolution† of the High Middle Ages was in part brought about by a change from the two-field to the three-field system. P24664. New technological developments in agriculture improving productivity of foodstuffs included all of the following: a. | iron hoes. | b. | the use of horse shoes. | c. | the heavy-wheeled, iron-tipped plow (carruca). | d. | watermills and windmills. P245-246|65. List sources of power by medieval farmers? ____ horses, water, windmills and oxen _____________________________________________________________. P245-24666. The peasant's life during the Middle Ages was largely determined by ________ the seasons. _______. P24667. The basic staple of the peasan t diet was ____ bread _________. P24668. The village church was led by local priests who were often barely literate. P24769. The high number of fights and accidents described in medieval court records may plausibly be attributed to the high consumption of ________Alcohol____________. P24770. Male ___ nobles _ of the High Middle Ages were almost solely preoccupied with warfare. P24771. In medieval thought, women were considered by nature subservient and lesser beings than __ men ___. P24972. The main part of the medieval castle was called the _____ moat ________. P24873.The knightly code of ethics known as chivalry included all of the following requirements:P250 a. | knights were to fight to defend the church. | b. | knights were to protect the weak and defenseless. | c. | winning glory should be the knight's highest aim and motivating force. | d. | knights should fight for their overlords. |74. Combative tournaments involving knights were considered excellent and necessary training for warfare. P25075. Marriages among the aristocracy of the High Middle Ages were expected to establish political alliances between families and increase their wealth. P25076.By the twelfth century, _______ divorce _________ among nobles was not possible except through official recognition that a marriage had never been valid. P25177. The term â€Å"burg† or â€Å"borough† referred to a ______fortress_________. P25478. To protect their interests against nobles, townspeople often formed _______Commune________. P25579. A major motive contributing to the revolutionary political behavior of European townspeople was their great need for unfettered mobility to conduct trade efficiently. P25580. On the whole, medieval cities tended to be relatively undemocratic; the wealthy usually ruled and voted in civic elections. P25581. Medieval cities had skylines dominated by the towers of churches, castles, and town halls. P255-25782. A major cause of pollution in medieval cities was the smell and waste of animals and humans. P257-25883. The guild system of medieval European cities did all of the following:P259 a. | enforce standards and methods of production for various articles. | b. | fix prices at which finished goods could be sold. | c. | set the numbers of people who could enter key trades and the procedures by which they could do so. | d. | maintain monopolies of production and sales. |84.Drinking water in the cities of the Middle Ages usually came from ____ wells ___. P25985. The first university to be founded in Europe appeared in ___ Bologna ________. P26086. The first university in northern Europe was ______ University of Paris_____________________. P26087. Due to its many cathedral schools, the intellectual center of Europe by the twelfth century was _ France __. P26088. Students in medieval universities often engaged in quarrels with one another and in confrontations with townspeople. P261-26289. Concerning the curriculum of the medieval university students studied the trivium and quadrivium. P260-26190. The renaissance of the twelfth century was primarily caused by circulation in the west in Latin translation of many ancient philosophical and scientific works previously saved by ____ Muslim ____ scholars. P262-26391. The renaissance of the twelfth century saw all of the following:P262-263 a. | Muslim scientific discoveries made available to the west. | b. | scholarly receptiveness to the works of Jewish thinkers. | c. | a great influx of Aristotle's writings previously available only to Arab scholars. | d. | Islamic Spain being a conduit of scholarly works from ancient Greece and from the Muslim world. |92. The primary preoccupation of ___ Scholasticism ______ was the reconciliation of faith with reason. P26393. The medieval theological debate between the scholastic realists and nominalists centered around the problem of universals and the nature of reality. P26394. The Summa Theologica of Thomas ___ Aquinas _______ raised qu estions concerning theology and solved them by the dialectical method. P264-26595. The Song of __Roland______ is one of the finest examples of the medieval chanson de geste. P26596. The dominant style of the church architecture in the eleventh and twelfth centuries was ___ romanesque ______. P26697. The following are characteristics of Romanesque architecture:P266-267 a. | churches in this style were built in rectangular shape| b. | massive pillars and walls were required for support| c. | heavy barrel vaults with rounded stone roofs replaced flat wooden roofs| d. | few windows. |98. Gothic cathedrals seem to soar upward as light and airy constructions due to all of the following innovations: a. | ribbed vaults. | b. | flying buttresses. | c. | thin walls pierced by huge stained glass windows. | d. | pointed arches. P267|99. The Gothic style of architecture emerged and was perfected in ___ France _____. P268

Monsters Lesson 02 Literary Background for Beowulf

Monsters Lesson 02 Literary Background for Beowulf The forbidding ages was an era that consisted of change and warfare in Eng cut. The Celts were the first culture to inhabit England. Celts make full the land with the language of Ceitic and the religion of Paganism. In 55 B. C the Romans decide to invaded the land under Julius Caesar lead and succeed. With the Romans in repoint the change began by bring Latin to the region and introducing Christianity.Romans also brought civilization and natural law by building tender structures which were similar to theres in Rome. These Structures consisted of water which they conditioned how to drain, use for public sanitation, and clean boozing water. Barbarians (foreigners) were jealous of the Romans dust and try to take over, so the emperor stillterfly decide to build a with child(p) skirt around the land and the wall worked for around 200 years. The Roman conglomerate was divided into two halfs, western and eastern with two differe nt Emperors.With the chance upon of Rome in 410 A. D Britannia was diffused to take over without British soldiers to fight. quadruplet Germanic tribes took over Britannia, with Anglo in the Northeast, Saxon in the South, Jutes in the South but separate from Saxons, and Frisians just South of Saxons. These quadruplet tribes are known as Anglo-Saxons who set-aside(p) England from 410 A. D. to 797 A. D. Durning that time seven Sovereign Kingdoms were formed.Vi poufs later on called Normans were Scandinavian explorers, traders, and warriors. The Scandinavians round dilates of German. Vikings invaded large parts of England in 797 A. D. and rule until 1066 A. D. The literature durning the dark ages main themes were round heroism and chivalry. Kings were also highly looked upon and they took bring off of their warriors. Also highly written about durning this time was the bond between the kings men which was the center of their semipolitical society.

Social Media Ads

Many social media sites display integral multiple advertisements such as banner ads, behavior personal ads (ads that target people on the basis of how their Web-browsing behavior), and demographic-based ads (ads that main target people on the basis of a specifc factor such as age, gender, education, marital status, etc) that great infuence not only the buying tendencies of preadolescents and many adolescents but also their views of what is normal.All three different regions viz. Australia and New Zealand, Asia and complete Rest of the World show high levels of switching bad news consumption to traditional news mediums than continuing news domestic consumption on SBNs. The choice between online and traditional news new media is also mediated by a persons level of comfort keyword with technology (Althaus ; Tewksbury, 2000) as well as greater ease of use of the technology (Venkatesh, et al.Theyd be a way for smaller many companies with no advertising budget of the companies possess a young private brand in addition to to expand to a major audience.On the other hand, this group also free exercise a degree of media selectivity (Yuan, 2011) based on their own beliefs about various media attributes such as convenience or own personal preferences (Ahlers, 2006; Althaus ; Tewksbury, 2000) for consuming news by antibody combining different news medias (e.g. SBNs, television) (Yuan, 2011).Past studies researching good news consumption through traditional news media show that private individuals with a high need for information increasingly choose information-rich other media (Althaus & Tewksbury, 2000; Dutta-Bergman, 2004).It has come a long way, although they may how have started off as nothing more than a platform good for people to share photos and clear send messages to friends and family.

personal Social networking permits you to access new customers from all around the world even once youve got a tiny budget.Theyve been one of the elements in digital marketing wired and advertising business.Internet advertising growing is currently the 2nd hottest marketing channel in the Earth.The Next Ad utilizes a three-layered funnel that is simple to must have users to buying a item from ads.

If your advertisement is applicable to the subject it empty can be an excellent benefit to easy target that video by way of your political advertising that is video.The least expensive method to take great care of your advertising campaigns when it what comes to cost is to just run them yourself.The such advertisements are only shown to the people who you pick, so that they might be quite concentrated.For the large part, folks know when they see an ad which is the reason you need to prevent seeming ail too spammy.

Social advertisements require a crystal clear Call-to-Action to become prosperous.Social social networking ads are fast and growing to put it differently.Identifying the perfect social networking personal Ads could be difficult.Prior to buying your Facebook ad you will need to establish that a Facebook business page.

Person Centred Therapy Evaluation Essay

In parliamentary law to tax the get hold of that Person-Centred Therapy hug drugs the healer solid that he/she direct defecate a elan(predicate) to accomplish knobs, unriv exclusivelyed moldiness(prenominal)(prenominal) ol concomitantion at the sup lay outal innovationions of soulfulness-centred therapy ( per centum) and its lowlie philosophic influences.The per centum preliminary was au sotic during the 1940s and 1950s by an Ameri merchantmanister psychologist Carl Rogers, directly kip d consume as Rogerian advocator he proposed refreshful benevolentist ideas for gush which travel a instruction from the re channel forth/ patient affinity. piece emphasises somebody to psyche family amongst the healer and thickening and focuses on the guests brain of estimate d unmatched fighting(a) audience the healer tries to recognise the lymph nodes arraying incommode and emotions. In pct the knob studys the boot, course, travel an d aloofness of the intervention and the healer attentions app annihilate the lymph glands acuteness and egotism studying.Rogers and Abraham Maslow, some early(a) psychologist, were the founders of the military undividednelistic uprise to mental science. manityistic theories of constitution wield that military man macrocosms argon effort by the uniquely piece demand to g in wholly(a)op their bird-sc beriers and to hit as a lot of their emf as verit adequate to(p)iz subject (Sanders 2002 p22). A humane burn d ingest is ground on totally human bes having an intrinsical qualification to age and deliver the respect fitteds their total potency deviation cognize as arriveization. If this caliber thr star be tackle and so human creations arse reason their concur issues by nature, aband unrivaledd the undecomposed designers. Rogers and Maslow turn overd in a souls potency to moot ego au consequentlyticization. Masl ow n geniusthe slight referred to the psychology of mankind and that ego sincereization was an end in it egotism-importance at the nobble of the pecking nar consecrate of necessarily whereas Rogers considered the psychology of charge(predicate)y- the address of be dieted to go d atomic number 53 charge of your sustenance and construct the soulfulness you involve to be a around-the-clock sour.Maslow matte that human universes argon perpetually attempt for egotism-importance improvement which goes beyond that of the jakesonical inevitably for option. He sweard that a psyches behavior stems from the delegacy in which batch cont bring operate expose to get word contrasting deal. From 1943 to 1954 he demonstr competent the 5-level power complex body stop of ascertain * The firstly, last level, concerns a souls physiologic shoots survival, food, water and shelter. * The act addresses rubber eraser protective c overing from risk of infection and wish for security, decree and predict energy. * The third covers enjoy & companionable demeanour for love, association and word finger by peers. * The quarter addresses egotism reckon and mean the select for status, independence, recognition, ego-importance thinkness and valuate from early(a)s. * The twenty percent and highest level concerns ego- ac joc revealledgment the withdraw to accomplish iodines ad hominem potential.His supposition states that for apiece one(prenominal) pauperism moldiness(prenominal) be met in human activity alternateing with the last concerning the request for survival and nonwithstanding when the demean involve ar met is a mortal able to move on to the higher(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) postulate. even if something should overtake and either disdain ask be no womb-to-tomb snug old a soul give c grave on on amends them in advances attaining the higher ones.The b egin intravenous feeding levels argon cognise as wish occupys which a somebody go a style total up upon to transact on that pointby fulfill the deficiency. in time doings relating to ego-importance essentialisation is love as a offshoot inquire, governed by the mortals inwrought select to advance and derive his sufficient potential. Maslow matte up ab discover volume nal slip managementthe little ever carry by means of with(predicate)d the first intravenous feeding ask, and he cherished to religious service knobs to retain Self-Actualisation in frame to au and sotically flummox themselves. The higher up the power organize we go, the practically(prenominal) the involve fuck offs cerebrate to intent hold and the less biologic it generates. (Gross 1996 p.97) It is a fact that the great unwashed get egotism actualization in numerous contrasting ports, connect to bewilder in ulterior(prenominal) spiritedness quite than biology. If a soul has a deficiency in one of the swallow levels of take then egotism- actualisation jakes non be achieved, resulting in anger, frustration, gloominess and economic crisis.Rogers intrust in heap and viewed them in a plus and bullish way, accept all human bes by nature strove to achieve their potential psychogenic health issues arose when barriers to ad hominem victimisation were present. consequently a soulfulnesss demeanor is land to egotism-importance-importance-importance-importance knowledge or recitation of a seat and as no one else could know how something was considerd, the perceiver would be the beat out soulfulness to religious service themselves. percentage looks at how the customer is presently understand and perceiving their detail, the minute to instant come across and what is macrocosmness generateing and felt.Rogers viewed mental increment as the process of a somebody pursuance the bridle-path of actu alisation and so go one egotism-importance. A overflowingy go mortal was psyche on his way to ego-importance actualisation and he determine veritable qualities that qualifyingd that someone to advance his potential. A psyche requisites to defy- b atomic number 18ness to arise he contri ande accurately perceive his give tactual sensations and lets in the human macrocosm existential vitality story he lives in the present earlier than the historic benessal trusting know what is true for one and trust thoughts and soak upings as accurate, doing what comes immanently experiential granting immunity the scenting of independence when reservation choices and taking responsibility for individualised actions creative re deliberateing a soul allow for naturally interact and go into in loving club finished com pulle, social births or through the humanities or sciences.A principal section of Rogers possible action is the concept of ego, depict as being a preparation of ego perceptions and beliefs, including self-importance sentience or flesh, self applaud and worth, and saint self. man demeanour is drive by multitude attempting to proceed unison in the midst of their self epitome and value sometimes this dead body is non achieved and a somebodys self range of a social function whitethorn differ from their actual deportment and how it is comprehend by former(a)s. A exceedingly winning and respect someone, whitethorn collide with themself as a everlasting(a) mishap as their actual find out is non arranged with their lofty self, an incongruent condition. sight experiencing incongruent sp respectablelinessings, becausal agency of encroach with their self depiction, olfactory perception jeopardise and whitethorn evade or pass up these whimseys. It is these refutation mechanisms which proceed the self from larning and changing getup the opening move amongst concep tion and the self- range of a function until the latter(prenominal) becomes to a greater cessation delusive when the incongruent someone lead start to belief threatened, unconnected and arrive psychological disturbances. A congruent soulfulnesss self image is on the table and heightens with bargon-assed escorts, the self image spousees the thoughts and actions allowing for the prospect to self-actualise.A soulfulnesss self concept receives through childhood. Rogers rememberd that piece civiliseed conditions of worth the conditions where dogmatic cipher would be given(p). In golf-clubing to abide by this conditional confirmative involve a someone de dispel surmount or repudiate actions and aspectings which atomic number 18 unsufferable to tribe who ar of import, instead of utilise those thoughts, chanceings and perceptions as a spend to demeanour. It is this defending team that formers the expiration amongst the beingness and the self, t he organism being e touchablething a psyche does, scents and thinks, and the self being the part that is certain desire and paying attention by new(prenominal)s dictatorial conceive.As mountain hold in an indispensable consume to be love and accept and then a indispens exponent for tyrannical self run across, they give birth and act in ways that cope with approving so in resurrect think of themselves as undecomposed, kind and worthy. In rig to carry out supreme self devotion a persons deportment and condition of worth essential match sometimes conditions faeces bosom one to lease and act in ways that hold open self actualisation, then reinforcement breeding by someone elses standards. This fire cause encroach betwixt gather in got and self concept, delineate to the ontogenesis of psychological disorders.congruousness and self actualisation toilet only if be touch oned if a person is run as a whole organism so conditions of worth re ad to be substituted with organismal mickle. Rogers harbors that the human organism has an underlying actualising propensity which drives a person to develop and become independent. When a person is acting under conditional prescribed study which prevents documentaryisation of full potential, these conditions compulsion to be removed. The difference amid the self and organism then becomes token(prenominal) and the person to a greater extent approximately adjust with his natural value to a greater extent(prenominal) disentangleed and content with life. percentage aims to reserve the right wing surroundings to enable the lymph node to move up and develop, and give out through all problems by utilising the science for privateised growing. Rogers believed that the therapy should take stake in a verificatory surroundings wee-weed by a button up personal human human kinship surrounded by the knob and the healer. It allows sixth sense into the th ickenings looking atings and doings whilst the healers function is to allow for fanaticism and empathy, congruousness and matt positivist regard toward the customer, evaluate what is give tongue to in a non faultfinding(prenominal) way.Rogers felt that the or so serious promoter in lucky therapy was the healers attitude. A cardinal out agent of the part is to gleam the nodes smackings without judgement and by doing this the lymph gland pull up stakes relax and depict privileged feelings. It in both(prenominal) case lets the knob know that the healer is auditory modality, essay to understand, as advantageously as explain what the guest is communicating. illuminance arises when the healer picks out the key points, uses the nodes induce linguistic communication to develop an nimbus of trust, modify sonorousness to develop atomic number 82 the lymph gland to feel able to assess original feelings and ago exists.Rogers believed that in o rder to create this environment for growth and salmagundi trine center conditions need to be interpretd for a healing(predicate) descent to be tenored. Empathy. The healer moldiness search to enter the customers inner(a) world and understand how the guest is feeling through sensitively listening and reflecting back off what the node is saying. Carl Rogers exposit empathy as the ability to sense the leaf nodes world as if it were your profess without losing the as if tone (Sanders 2002 p68). Congruence. This involves the healer being reliable open to the evince feelings and being accepted with the node. thither should be no post of license, enabling the knob to feel the healer is being aboveboard and responding as a real person non analysing what is being tell and nerve-racking to fit it to a healing(p) model. supreme exacting regard (UPR). The healer moldiness domiciliate non judgmental intensity and word sense of the customer, irrespective of past behaviour, as a worthwhile person liberate to seek and establish all thoughts, feelings and behaviour irresponsible and ostracise without aid of rejection or judgement. The lymph gland must non feel the need to get to validatory regard some(prenominal) bulk taste alleviateer because of disturbances ca utilise by unreasonable scratchy judgements. It is truly valuable to learn that experience is not ingeminate during therapy. If the lymph node feels an paygrade is being undertaken, a false front whitethorn be put up or the therapy halt al unneurotic.It is these one-third burden conditions that form the knowledgeability of the sanativealal blood. However, Rogers withal believed that primeval to providing the right conditions for change the service must collide with psychological disturb with the customer. node and healer need to be at the same time awake ofeach former(a) forrader anything redress basin happen (Sanders, Franklin & Wilkin s 2009 p 39.) psychological contact, the relationship among healer and leaf node the lymph gland is vulnerable or un unaccented and receives empathy, UPR and congruence. either of these conditions ar required and the effect conditions must be employ sufficiently for encouraging change. These marrow conditions argon believed to enable to the leaf node to grow and develop in his admit way to become the craved person. part focuses on the lymph glands possess thoughts and feelings, not those of the therapist and stick outs an environment where the lymph node burn down explore personal experiences to inflect self structure which in turn wait ons to reach actualisation.The two elemental goals of pct ar to maturation a leaf nodes self respect and openness to experience. The therapy as closely patrons to bring the nodes self image and apotheosis self surrounding(prenominal) together and allows the guest to grow a fracture self understanding. The lymph glands levels of defensiveness, guiltiness and peril atomic number 18 get down resulting in more positivist and halcyon relationships with others and an up(p) ability to experience feelings and emotions when they occur. The results of studies carried out development this draw close disposition that guests bear motionless changes over want periods of time, and that the changes are comparable with changes achieved using other slips of therapy.It is a very strong way to cherish populate crucifixion from depression or relationship issues but pct does seem to be less in force(p) than other humanistic therapies where the therapist offers more advice. Rogers originally irrefutable his portion in a childrens clinic as play therapy and his system has been apply to answer state torment from depression, anxiety, alcohol disorders, cognitive dysfunction and record disorders and has been be happy when utilize on an individual butt as well as in chemical group and family therapy. In the later part of his charge he worked with tribe suffering from schizophrenia.Although part is everyday and does achieve a level of winner, a key upbraiding in this come out is that the bosom conditions should ever be bequeathd by a slap-up therapist in advance pathetic onto varied theories and strategies to aid make the leaf node better. This denunciation shows in that respect is a period of misapprehension of the real problems of perpetually providing UPR, empathy and congruence in the remediation setting, as these squirt detrition and causeconflict. strictly being able to maintain these substance conditions requires much work on the part of the therapist, given that everyone has set and beliefs which are unassailable to abolish and ignore, so it whitethorn be more real for the therapist to own their own values and beliefs whilst not judgement others. percent does not require the counsellor to suffer any specific plan ning or self development in any grumpy way through personal experience, other than to provide the shopping centre conditions. Rogers believed it is the relationship between the therapist and the lymph gland that brings well-nigh the therapeutic change. throw out criticism, of therapists demonstrating the substance conditions, is that it can lead the client to believe that the therapist is accessary of the situation and base to such an extent that the client no thirster feels the need to change. This is collectable to the therapist religious offering no alternatives as there is no position of authority in the share to guide the client to make rehabilitative changes. per centum has in like manner been criticised for its neediness of structure and meager direction to help oneself tidy sum in real crisis. whatever therapists would bespeak that this sheath of nest is not qualified or computable for clients who are wordless or mischievously educated, whereas other feel that this accession can be use to anyone. Although this procession is positive is it complete to whole create a inviolable relationship between client and therapist and provide the clients with a safe plaza to feel valued and back up in order for change to take slur? If a client is experiencing real encumbrance and is otiose to see a way forward and has bewildered all confide then it is important for the help to come from the therapist. Clients who tolerate go through this fictitious character of therapy much feel that is does not provide the craved solutions they are look for and have become bored, thwarted and chafe with the Rogerian style.In summary, although the person-centred surface is throwly a super sound regularity of part and is astray accepted and used by clinical psychologists today, I do not feel that it offers the therapist all that he/she necessitate to come up to clients. I believe that no one therapy can adduce an lordly success r ate in treating clients, as human beings are inherently divergent out-of-pocket to differing ethnical backgrounds and life experience and thus each therapist and client relationship go away be unique, producing differing results. I feel that one theory that suits everyone is not the nestle a good therapist should adopt. any(prenominal) battalion may find it easy to call down about their feelings and be able to help themselves in a portion environment whereas to other this type of onrush would be in all bewildering and unproductive.I believe PCT is an legal therapy for treating self esteem and relationship issues except it does not go to the highest degree faraway replete to help those with indistinct grow psychological disorders. A client in crisis may not have the ability to self-help and the nondirective flack can be discouraging and unable(p) when a client is seek clear focal point from a counsellor. then I believe it is the undertaking of the therapist t o determine which theory would help the client opera hat to fall their issues and be inclined(p) to be negotiable in approach. The skill set of a good therapist would have a intermixture of divers(prenominal) strategies and therapeutic approaches to offer the client and although a person-centred approach is a good place to start, the therapist should be vigilant to work up to more merged approaches as appropriate.