Property Marketing Plan for Sony Corporation

Situation Summary Objectives Sony is willing to promote its TV products as a partner of the Texas Rangers Club. The company emphasizes on the fact that if TVs produced by Sony are to be installed at the Rangers’ Ballpark, then they can be easily fixed up in houses as well. This will ultimately raise the awareness of the brand.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Property Marketing Plan for Sony Corporation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Marketing tactics Pre-event strategies Sony will raise awareness among people in order to remind the public of the partnership it has had with the Rangers (Kurtz 37). The public awareness will involve ads; commercials will account for about 60% of the total budget set for ads during the pre-event period. The purpose of the pre-season advertisement is to instill a notion in the minds of the public that the coming season is a fully entertaining event; by its advertising Sony hi ghlights the fact that thanks to the digital TV any person has the chance to watch their team perform and play. Therefore, if Sony can provide such an entertainment at the ballpark, then the product will appear even more entertaining in homes. During the sporting period During the sporting season, Sony will take the advantage of the massive number of fans visiting the stadium to watch their team performing on the pitch (Koekemoer and Bird 21). The company has weighed the advantages of advertising its product during the sporting season. The estimated number of fans attending every sporting event at the Ballpark is around 42,719. During the season, Rangers plays about 162 games, 81 of which are home events. This means that every season around 3.4 million fans attend home events. By placing the advertisements in the Ballpark, the company will make sure that about 3 million fans see the ads 81 times in the Ballpark and 162 times on TV screens. The marketing tactics during the season wil l also involve television advertising during out matches. In this case, Sony will seek to advertise itself in the leading sporting media – the Fox Sports TV that reaches approximately 6.5 million homes in the five southwestern states. The Sony product and its name, consequently, will appear every time Rangers Club appears on the television with additional ads to remind people about their partnership with the club. Finally, during the season, Sony will communicate the role it plays in sponsoring the club by placing its ads free in the club’s print magazine, on social media pages and the internet (Kress 231). Rangers has an estimated number of 3 million visitors of their website every season, most of whom are looking for daily updates about the club, its events and performances.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Visitors to the website will gain awareness that Sony is the sole sponsor of the club, and the one that organizes the events they enjoy watching. Graphics, pictorial representatives and videos on Sony products about their importance in homes will appear on every page at Ranger’s official website and on social media pages. (Koekemoer and Bird 21). Post-event Every post event will involve an analysis of the club’s performance, its strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities. The analysis will be fully a project of the Sony Company and the Club. Airing the analysis of the team performance on TVs is likely to attract a large number of viewers, especially men who are Sony’s main target group. Promotion mix Sony’s completive advantage will largely rely on its strategy of sponsoring the big club. Competitors sponsor only a few sports events or clubs in the region. The promotion of the Sony product will rely on the contract between the company and the club. Television ads will take up 60% of the total budget; they will attract attention of most fans, who check on the updates about the club and its events on television. TV commercials will run throughout the season during games, and will frequently appear on television during the pre and post-game analysis. Secondly, fans may buy and read print media, including the official yearbook, the club’s magazines and its pocket schedule. In each of these kinds of media, Sony’s product and name will appear as a part of the game and the team. Its name and pictures of the products, including their benefits, technology and favorable prices will appear on several pages. Print media will take up 20% of the total budget. Fans like visiting the club website for updates on its events and other information. In addition, the club has some accounts with leading social media. The agreement with the club will allow Sony to place its ads on both the website and the social media pages. The internet takes 10% of the total budget. Finally, billboards, most of which being digital technologies created by Sony, will appear around the stadium as well as in the lounges, cafeterias, inside the stadium and on the way to it. Creative brief The TV ads will reach the largest number of customers. The internet and print media ensure that every fan seeking information about the club sees Sony products quite often, while billboards seek to create an impression that Sony is the only partner to the fan’s club (Charan, Bossidy and Burck 122).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Property Marketing Plan for Sony Corporation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Men, mostly those between 35 and 50 years, are the target group of the advertising company. Most of them work earning between $50,000 and $100,000 a year. They have the capacity to recognize the brand in the shops, and choose it based on its involvement in sponsoring the clubs they like. Execution plan sample Promotion channel Target audience Pre-season In-session Post-session TV 2,000,000 5,4000,000 1,300,000 Print 120,000 2,00,000 Internet 400,000 1,900,000 200,000 Billboards 3,400,000 Works Cited Charan, Ram, Larry Bossidy and Charles Burck. Execution: The Discipline of Getting Things Done. New York: Springer, 2010. Print. Koekemoer, Ludi and Steve Bird. Marketing Communications. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2004. Print Kress, Markus. Intelligent business process optimization for the service industry. New York: Springer, 2009. Print Kurtz, Dave. Contemporary Marketing. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning, 2010. Print This essay on Property Marketing Plan for Sony Corporation was written and submitted by user Nevaeh Bass to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

A Beautiful Mind Essays (387 words) - Psychiatric Diagnosis

A Beautiful Mind Essays (387 words) - Psychiatric Diagnosis Andrea Petkovic Mr. Leonardis PPL 3O4 November 17, 2015 A Beautiful Mind In the movie A Beautiful Mind I believe that it is portrayed that an individual with mental illness can lead a normal life. The character being explored is John Nash, a mathematical genius who suffers from schizophrenia. Throughout the movie he faces many hardships that are a result of his schizophrenia, but I believe that despite the difficulties, with treatment he leads a relatively normal life. First, John has family and friends. Part of a normal life is being able to have meaningful connections with others. John has a wife, Alicia, who is very devoted to him, this is especially shown when she remains with him even through his difficulty with his mental illness. He also has friends from his university years, Martin Hansen and Sol, who work with him at the university. Even after university he remains close with them. After Johns absence from work, its Hansen that gives him another job at the university, which demonstrates their close bond. Secondly, John has a career. Even though h e has schizophrenia, John manages to maintain a career, and even succeeds in his field to such a degree that he is nominated and wins a Nobel Prize in economics. Next, John is educated. A common stigma surrounding people with mental illnesses is that they are less intelligent than those without mental illness. John Nash studied and taught at Princeton University, and therefore spent the majority of his life being educated or educating. Next, John is able to differentiate between what is real and what is in his mind. In the beginning, John struggles with this but later in the movie, and with help from those around him, he is able to take control of his mind. Finally, he is able to recover from difficult circumstances. When it is brought to light that he has schizophrenia Johns life goes in a downward spiral. He loses his job and is committed to a mental institution. As well as his relationship with his wife and friends struggles. Once he receives adequate help, and makes himself comp rehend what is going on, he is able to return to a more stable state of mind. In conclusion, with a strong support system and adequate medical help, individuals with a mental illness can lead a normal life.

Business Policy and Strategic Management Research Paper

Business Policy and Strategic Management - Research Paper Example The author of the paper states that growth is the way of life. Almost all organizations plan to expand. This is why expansion strategies are the most popular corporate strategies. Companies aim for sustainable growth. A growing economy, burgeoning markets, customers seeking new ways of need satisfaction, and emerging technologies offer ample opportunities for companies to seek expansion. Apart from competitive strategies, competition could coexist with cooperation. Corporate strategies could take into account the possibility of mutual cooperation with competitors while competing with them at the same time so that the market potential could expand. Cooperative strategies could be of the following types: 1. Mergers 2. Takeovers (or Acquisitions). 3. Joint Ventures & 4. Strategic Alliances.  Merger and takeover (or acquisition) strategies essentially involve the external approach to expansion. Basically two, or occasionally more than two, entities are involved. There is not much diffe rence in the three terms used for such types of strategies and they are frequently used synonymously. But a subtle distinction can be made. While mergers take place when the objectives of the buyer firm and the seller firm are matched to a large extent, takeover or acquisitions usually are based on the strong motivation of the buyer firm to acquire. The takeover is a common way for acquisition and maybe defining as "the attempt (often spring as a surprise) of one firm to acquire ownership or control over another firm against the wishes of the later management (and perhaps some of its stockholders). Joint ventures occur when an independent firm is created by at least two firms. In an era of globalization, joint ventures have proved to be invaluable strategies for companies looking for expansion opportunities globally. Strategic alliances are partnerships between firms' whereby their resources, capabilities, and core competencies are combined to pursue mutual interests to develop, man ufacture or distribute goods or services. Organizations follow the growth paths can be pursued via external expansion and mergers are the most popular measures. In this case (Merger) the business does not create the productive facilities itself, but purchases existing production. A merger is a situation in which, as a result of the mutual agreement two firms decide to bring together their business operations. A merger is distinct from a take over in so far as a takeover involves one firm bidding for another's shares. One firm thereby acquires another. A merger implies that managers through negotiation have reached an agreement acceptable to both sides. Mergers provide a much quicker means to growth than internal expansion. Not only does the firm acquire new capacity, but also it acquires additional consumer demand. Building up this level of consumer demand by internal expansion might have taken a considerable length of time.  

Meuse-Argonne Offensive Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Meuse-Argonne Offensive - Research Paper Example The battle led to the stronghold of Allies with a loss of German’s on the Western front.   The European states vied together for power and military alliance. Britain, France and Russia from Asia formed a strong block. It was now a must for Germany to find a suitable alliance that could eliminate the danger of its extermination. Austria and Turkey were there for her. Then an incident, in the city of Sarajevo, made the European nations face a situation that the western philosophers feared for years. The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand and his wife Sophie led to hostilities between Serbia and Austria. The involvement of Russia and Germany on the side of Serbia and Austria, respectively, made the situation worse. Things became uncontrollable, as more and more countries began to get involved in the matter. On August 4, 1914, the German army marched into Belgium. As the war got fierce, more and more war fronts opened for Germany. With the beginning of revolution in Russia in 1 918, Germany deployed its freed troops on the western front. Using remarkable tactics of long wars, Germany gained many achievements and the French armies were then in retreat. The Germans had to face mines and military of the American Expeditionary Force at Belleau Wood, which slowed down its advancement. Meanwhile, the French army reformed its front, together with the British army. The whole area from the Meuse River to the top of the Mountains of Argonne was under a stronghold of the Germans. The presence of mines, camouflaged trenches, heavy artillery and a large number of German troops made this area a difficult battlefield for the Allies. The Argonne forest provided a good shelter to the Germans, where they could rest without the risk of being attacked. It was so because the area was lined by guns, mines and trenches and supported by artillery fire. There was no place, on the western front where the German army could think itself more safe and sound than the Argonne forest. Th is was probably the reason, for the Allies, to think the battle at this field as a decisive one. With a fresh American army on the southern flank of the western front, the Allies could now think of an offensive on the German troops in the Argonne forests. At 5:30 on the afternoon of September 26th, the American 1st Army jumped off with the French holding their flanks. The U.S. Army and the French 4th Army shared the Meuse-Argonne offensive which proved to be the biggest and the deadliest one for the American Expeditionary Force in the World War I. The French General Mariano Goybet, commanding the 157 Red Hand Division, indulged in the Meuse-Argonne offensive on 28th September. (â€Å"Meuse-Argonne Offensive†) 371 and 372 were two of his African American regiments. During the first nine days, the 372 regiment progressed through 4.8 miles of enemy defense. They captured 600 prisoners, 15 heavy guns, 20 Minenwerfers and about 150 machine guns. (â€Å"Meuse-Argonne Offensiveâ₠¬ ) The 372 regiment’s part was very important in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. The regiment suffered total casualties of 500 men.

The Role of the RN in operation room Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Role of the RN in operation room - Essay Example To provide effective care, it is necessary to have some experienced and qualified nurses be placed, as the role is critical and complex. Having an inexperienced non-qualified nurse at this position may yield complexities and inconvenience as only basic education in nursing may not provide the level of experience that role of a registered nurse demands. The paper presents the role of registered nurses in the operation of health care organizations. RN is a registered nurse who has successfully completed the educational requirements to attain the competencies required for certified practice in nursing. A patient going for a surgery does not expect to have some inexperienced medical practitioner and health professionals in operation room. On the other hand, surgeons also get distracted by any kind of action irreverent with the surgical process and it may implore a freaked reaction in safety of the patient. These situations occur when operation rooms allow registered nurses to take places of licensed practice nurses or anesthesiologist (Lingard et al, 2004, 330; Riley, Manias, 2006, 1541). Operation room, also referred as Surgical Suite is generally an area in the hospital where surgeries takes place. These are special areas equipped with delicate and expensive apparatuses to provide sufficient support to the medical practitioners to perform their surgeries. The surgeries may range from minor cuts and sewing to major gun shots, transplants and deliveries. Therefore, the team required in an OR must be experienced and competent enough to deliver all phases of care to the patients, handle complications and change of patients’ status and procedures (Sneddon et al, 2006, 255). Simple surgeries require three key personnel in an OR that are: a surgeon, an experienced registered nurse and an anesthesiologist. Additional support and staff are required on the basis of the type and severity level of surgery. The registered nurse tasks

Tesco: Recruitment and selection

Tesco: Recruitment and selection As a member of the HR department I need to research and make a report in order to check the quality of new staff being hired. The aim of this report is to explore what are the best means of testing and hiring new employees. It will also look into some benefits and drawbacks of recruitment process in two successful companies which are Tesco and McDonalds. Consequently, I will outline some suggestion which I think is the best for our company. 2.0 Procedures The information is collected from internet and using secondary research to gather data for my report. 3.0 Findings 3.1 Recruitment and selection methods of Tesco Tesco is the largest private sector employer and operating over 13 countries outside the UK. There is increasing all the time in the number of both store-based and non-store. In addition, in order to achieve business objectives, Tesco needs to make sure that they have the right number of workers in the right positions at the right time. In order to do this, Tesco has a step by step process of recruitment and selection to appeal applicants for both operational and managerial roles. As the company is growing, it is important for Tesco to have workforce planning which is future needs for people in term of locations, numbers and skills. The reason why may people want to work in Tesco is that it has store all over country (UK) so people can work in a location where they live. Furthermore, some jobs such as cashier do not need too high education requirement. As regards of recruitment, Tesco advertises vacancies in different methods. The process of recruiting depends on the job available. Firstly, Tesco looks at internal Talent Plan to fill posts. The lists of current employees who looking for a move or on promotion will be consider. If nobody is suitable in this talent plan, Tesco use internal advertising to post in intranet. However, external recruitment, the vacancies are posted in the Tesco websites or external vacancies board. When making applicant online for managerial position, the chosen applicants must have an interview. Consequently, people who are selected will attendance at an assessment centre for selecting process. Having the CV or register at Jobcentre Plus, candidates who interested in stored based jobs can apply stores in Tesco. The store prepares a waiting list of application which is not selected and calls them if vacancies become available. Furthermore, for the jobs with more specialists such as pharmacist, baker the e xternal recruitment method will be used for example radio, magazine, television. As far as the selection are concerned, it involve in selecting a suitable candidates from applicants by using the job specification and job description. The important part of the selection process is screening candidates. This is ensure that people are selected have matched with the job requirements. Initially, each applicants CV which summarises the candidates education and job experience will be looked cautiously by the Human Resources in Tesco. The firm also provides a job type match on careers web page. Hence they can see where they fit or not. A person who passes screening attend assessment centre will be invited to second interview. If they are successful, they will receive an offer letter and contract. The assessment centre is take place in store and is run by managers. It will give to candidate several tasks which include problem solving, team working. For example, how they react when customer make a complaint; team work together to make sure that the stock is ready and every shelf is provided; changing the shift work and nights. These exercises can help candidate to deal with real problems at work. 3.2 Advantage of these method in Tesco With respect to recruitment process, Tesco will try to find the most cost-effective way of attracting people. Although it is not cheap to advertise on television and magazines, this is essential to get the right type of people for the vacancies. It is easy for applicants to seek about available jobs and also has a simple application process throughout the Tesco website. First of all, by using internal recruitment in Tesco lead to cut the cost of recruiting workers from outside. This is due to less training and orientation required In addition, the HR department know more about the candidates ability. This will increase productivity of current employee and stronger commitment to the company. There are a number of benefits by using external recruitment method. Because of new people, they will bring in Tesco new perspectives and ideas. Furthermore, Tesco have more choice to choose candidates; they have a wider range of experience. 3.3 Disadvantage of these method in Tesco As regards to internal recruitment, the number of applicants can be limited. Owing to already known about strength and weakness of candidate, Tesco could not have new ideas from outside. In addition, another vacancy will be creating which need to be filled. On the other hand, in external recruitment, it has more expensive because of advertising and longer process. The selection process might not be effective enough to find the best applicant. 3.4 Recruitment and selection methods of McDonalds McDonalds is a one of the largest scale employer. Most workers are paid by the hour and those people called as crew members. Their jobs are to prepare the food and serve customers in order to make the restaurants run more efficiency. McDonald attracting many people because they can work as part time job so it appeal a lot of students who are studying at college or university. With respect to recruiting hourly-paid workers McDonalds have created a two-step application process for potential crew members. Firstly, all candidates must do the psychometric test and then they need to go online and fill the application. Once successful, the candidate will be invited to a restaurant for an on job experience (oje) and interview. The purposes of OJE give a good opportunity to evaluate the candidates customer service skills, how they get on with other member in McDonald and allows candidate to see whether or not suits with working environment. After that, the candidate will work in customer facing areas about 2 day assessment and will be given full instruction on what to do. Consequently, they have a final interview with manager who will give the decision about the applicant. When crew member have been hired, they have to attend a welcome meeting to demonstrate their skills and behaviours. This meeting will show an overview of the company and then candidate must do h ealth safety and food safety test online. 3.5 Benefits and drawbacks of these methods in McDonalds As we can see, the way McDonalds recruitment people it appeal more people to apply because they offer employee with many rewards and bonus. This also increases competition between employees to get prizes. They also provide good working condition which help workers more flexible at work. One of the interesting in recruitment stage is an on job experience. That mean candidate will show all of their skill to deal with customers. The other thing here is that people are easily to find out and apply quickly which save a lot of time. On the other hand, there are some drawbacks of these methods. Firstly, owing to more reward, this lead to increasing cost for company. Secondly, it appeals many students who do not have any previous experience. As a result of this, they will take time to learn and therefore reduce productivity of restaurants. 4.0 Conclusion From my point of view, both companies have good recruitment and selection policy depends on what they are doing. McDonald believes that employees are a vital role in the company to achieve the success of the restaurants. Their aim is to recruit the best people and keep them by offering on-going training related to their position, therefore promoting them when they are ready. The recruitment policies to fulfil its aim. However, Tesco believes that workforce planning is vital for business. They have strong organisational structures. Furthermore, Tesco provides the friendly ways of applying for vacancies and a reliable approach to recruitment and selection. 5.0 Recommendation Having finished research and analyses the recruitment process in both company, I would like to recommend some suggestion for our company which are application online, advertise on TV, using job specification and job description. First of all, application online help people easily to apply and attracting more people is due to developing of technology nowadays. Secondly, advertising is good way to grab attention of people. The reason is that most people like watching TV in leisure times. Although advertising is expensive in the short run, we will have better results in the long run. If we have the right employee, they will contribute to our company for a long time. Finally, when we have many applicants, using job specification and description are the good ways to choose the right person. These documents help us get the overview of candidates; what the qualification they have and their experience. Words: 1507

The Iliad of Homer Essay -- essays research papers

The Iliad is the quintessential epic. It is full with gods, goddesses, heroes, war, honor, glory, and the like. However, for just short while near the very conclusion Homer avoids all of those epic qualities. The banquet scene in Book XXIV is the most touching, the most â€Å"human† scene in the entire poem . In the midst of the dreadful gulf of war and anger there occurs an intimate moment between two men who ironically have much in common below the surface. Priam, old and fragile, makes his way to the camp of the enemy’s greatest warrior late at night. He bears what little treasures have not been exhausted by the ten-year conflict and plans to plead for the rightful return of his son’s body. This is his final heroic endeavor. And perhaps, because he has just lost someone so dear to him, he is willing to take the risk despite his fear. What is interesting is that when he does arrive at the camp of Achilles, his fear suddenly subsides and â€Å"the old man makes straight for the dwelling where Achilles beloved of Zeus was sitting.† A decisive moment has arrived for both men. When Priam enters, Achilles knows that he must accept his own death with open arms while Priam is forced to sit at the knees of Achilles and kiss the hands that have killed his beloved Hektor. Homer seems to stop the action for a moment to let us feel the intensity of this extraordinary encounter. Priam urges Achilles to think of his own father and then pity Priam in his outrageous position, a king "who must put my lips to the hands of the man who has killed my children." Achilles immediately accepts Priam’s appeal and the two weep for their sons, fathers, and friends. This sharing of common grief becomes a bridge back to human sympathy. In an amazing speech Achilles soothes Priam's sorrow by painting a picture of their common misfortune and the inevitable limits of mortality. He reminds Priam that â€Å"there is not anything to be gained from grief for his son.† â€Å"You will never bring him back,† he says, â€Å"sooner you must go through yet another sorrow.† Though Achilles has matured dramatically since the beginning of the Iliad the complexities of his character don't disappear instantly. Priam asks not to be seated so he can more quickly attend to the return of Hektor. Suddenly Achilles' anger flashes out. Though his insight and human compassion have developed greatly he is still obstinate an... ...an lot he portrays is grim, his actions show a human decency that somehow softens our sense of what it means to be human NOTE: Observe how the plot structure of the Iliad completes itself. In the first book, a father (Chryses) comes to Agamemnon to plead for the return of his child but is refused. In the last book, a father (Priam) also pleads to Achilles for the return of a child; this time pity is shown. Though this symmetry is surely there, Homer is an artist who permits complexities and contradictions. As you begin to sum up your feelings about the Iliad, test all the threads. The question is not simply is Achilles right or wrong, or are the Trojans or Argives the real heroes. Homer values both cultures. He sees meaning in the heroic code but he also sees its shortcomings. In that same way, he pictures the horrible sufferings of a world at war and yet shows us the human dignity that can shine through. In the beginning Apollo says that mortals maneuver through Destiny with "the heart of endurance." That is where the Iliad begins and ends. It is ironic that Achilles is young and strong and in his prime while Priam is way past his and yet Achilles is nearer to death.

Reflective Account of Increasing a Persons Observations

Reflective Account of Increasing a Persons Observations on an Acute Mental Health WardThis essay will discus a decision that was made on a local male acute ward. Using this example, an analysis of the decision making process has been made and a reflective model has been used in order to generate personal knowledge that will inform further practice (Rolfe, 2011a). A pseudonym of Tim has been used for the discussed patient to maintain confidentiality in accordance with the NMC code of conduct (2010a). Observation is one way in which mental health nurses can protect acutely mentally ill inpatients from harm and is commonly implemented for patients who impose a risk of harming themselves, others and for those who are vulnerable (Bowers et al, 2006). Tim, who was on a local male acute ward, posed a risk of harming himself and became very vulnerable during his stay. On admission he was perceived to be at low risk of harming himself and vulnerability, therefore was observed on the minimum level of observation, general observation, which includes all patients and involves an hourly eyesight check on the patient (DH, 1999; NICE, 2005). The decision to increase his observation level was jointly taken by the mentor and the author by gathering information from bank support workers about Tim's current presentation. After a noted deterioration in Tim's mental health, it was decided to increase observations to within eyesight of staff. Justification for this was that he was becoming a serious risk of harming himself as he threatened to jump from the ward roof, as he was determined to leave. Tim was detained under section 2 or the mental health act (DH, 2007). He felt that he needed to leave in order to find his son who he had recently lost contact with. He had been stopped attempting to climb a drain pipe to leave via the ward roof and had been in a very distressed state. Eyesight level of observation is seen as the second highest of four levels and demands intense nursing, only within arms length is higher (DH, 1999; Jones & Eales, 2009; NICE, 2005). Close observation is an example of decision making which is exclusive to mental health nursing. The Chief Nursing Officer described observation as a key area where good practice is essential and that nurses should ‘demonstrate an understanding of the benefits and limitations of the use of levels of observation to maximise the therapeutic effect on inpatient units’ (DH, 2006). Additionally NICE (2005) recommends the use of observation in the short-term management of disturbed/violent patients. The Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC, 2010a) require nurses to be able to apply knowledge and an appropriate repertoire of skills that is indicative of safe and effective practice and based on the best available evidence. At the time of making the decision it seemed the right course of action. The mentor's final decision was taken for granted as he was an experienced nurse and a lack of personal experience meant that the author had limited personal experience to work with. Before undertaking this assignment it could not decided what could be done differently if faced with a similar situation on qualification. On qualification, such a decision will have to be well informed and made with confidence and one that has to be made in accordance with the NMC code of professional conduct (2010) which requires nurses to be accountable for their own actions and omissions in practice. By using the decision making tool below the advantage of hindsight can be used when analysing this decision to better inform future practice. Pritchard (2006) sees decision making as one of the most difficult processes that a nurse can undertake and one of the most important parts of nursing practice. Aitkin (2003) concludes that formal decision analysis can improve future decision making. The utilised decision making model, as described by Jasper (2003), asks the questions Who/What/When/Where/Why and How? These questions make a useful contribution to systematic, holistic, clinical judgement and enable evaluation and critical thinking about the made decision to take place Jasper, 2003; Standing, 2011). Tim has a long history of mental illness and was admitted to the ward following a deterioration in his mental illness after he lost contact with his son. His mood was elevated and he felt very restless and agitated. Prior to admission, he was found police in a very distressed state. Tim was placed on a section 2 of the mental health act (DH, 2007) and was originally observed generally where a member of staff would have to see him face to face on a hourly basis (NICE, 2005). Under section 2 of the mental health act Tim has lost the right to leave hospital at will and his responsible clinician has not granted him section 17 leave. A person can be detained for up to 28 days and treat against their will (DH, 2007). As Tim was detained it was important for staff to keep him on the ward. Increasing attempts by Tim to leave led to a change in observation level to within eyesight to make sure he did not leave the ward by any means. Staff levels were low, and for that reason it was felt that there was not enough staff to informally observe Tim. In addition there was a general feeling of fear that if Tim left the ward there would be inevitable consequences for the staff. The literature shows that the decision to increase a persons observations is common when faced with the above situation. Buchanan-Barker ; Barker (2005) are critical at the increase of observations on acute mental health wards following high profile tragedies placing practitioners in defensive mode to stop patient elopements and harm to patients. Organisations have responded to this risk by formalising observation policies to defend themselves against litigation. In addition, it is felt that observation policies dominate practice and reassure distant managers that ‘something is being done' (Horsfall ; Cleary, 2000). Equally, nurses use observation in ‘defensive mode' in order to prevent harm. Despite these measures, the effectiveness of observation to reducing patient risk and providing a therapeutic benefit is not at all clear (Mana, 2010). This indicates that observation is driven by risk culture and defensive practices concerned with physical integrity of the person and do little to address the origin of a person's distress (Cutcliffe & Stephenson, 2008; Buchanan-Barker & Barker, 2005). Tim was finding it hard to cope with the loss of his son and wants to leave the ward to find him. One study found that the most cited reason for ncreasing levels of close observations was the prevention of absconding from an acute ward which could lead to the patients self-harm, neglect vulnerability and violence (Dennis, 1997). During Tim's observation staff were tired and unwilling to engage with Tim. Staff were seen to be following Tim from one part of the unit to another which was aggravating him further. The observation was void of conversation which is in contrast to Peplau's (195 2) view that clinical observation should be carried out with the nurses attention to the interpersonal relationship with the patient. Likewise, Rooney (2009) reports that nurses acknowledged that observations were more about prevention than cure and keeping the patient safe was priority. On the other hand, Bowles et al (2002) found that distressed patients need both containment and engagement. In conclusion, there was a need to maintain a therapeutic relationship while considering the management of risk and the empowerment of the patient. The mental Health Act (DH, 2007) requires an appropriate package of treatment to be in place which includes one-toone time with staff which could have helped alleviate Tim's anxiety. Short staffing meant that Tim's one-to-one time had not taken place and from a personal view point a package that can only be theoretically provided is not be good enough. Bank support workers had been allocated to observe Tim as the qualified nurse had to complete paperwork. This is in agreement with the findings of Rooney (2009) who reported that observation was usually left to unqualified staff as nurses were often dealing with other matters. In contrast, NICE (2005) states that observation should be undertaken by registered nurses. Nurses may delegate to competent staff who have had the appropriate training. It is thought that the bank staff did not have the appropriate level of competence which created a poor skill mix on that shift which Aston et al (2010) see as a barrier to good decision making. In agreement Rooney (2009) found that staff acknowledged therapeutic work could take place during times of observation however, they felt that they lacked the relevant skills. Staff reported that no one had ever explained how to interact with the patient or had received any further guidance beyond the aspects of risk management and containment. Most nurses who took part in this study had no practical or theoretical preparation for observations. Tim attempts to leave by the door on the ward when it is opened for visitors and he will try several times a day to enter the court yard to leave by climbing onto the roof. The high level of staffing resources taken up by preventing Tim from leaving the ward prevented staff from engaging with other patients who felt that they were being ignored and neglected which in turn added further stress to staff. In agreement are a number of authors who have shown that formal observations consume nursing resources and that the patient being observed receive a disproportionate amount of nurses time (Mana, 2010; Bowles et al, 2002). Bowles et al (2002) argued that the time taken up by the demands of observation was to the detriment of of care of patients that were not seen as a high risk. To reflect on the above experience Rolfe's framework has been used which poses the questions what? , so what? , now what? (Rolfe, 2001; 2011a). This type of reflection which is done after and away from the actual event is referred to by Schon (1983) as reflection-on-action and the following discussion focusses on how the author and others did and what changes could be made. Despite this type of reflection being useful reflection-in-action is seen to have far more significance in professional practice. Reflection-in-action looks at the suitability of a particular intervention while it is been carried out. This is one of the distinguishing features as a nurse progresses from qualified status to an advanced practitioner (Schon, 1983; Rolfe, 2011b). In terms of clinical reasoning and decision making, reflection is seen as an invaluable resource for developing personal practice and learning from other people's perspectives (Aston et al, 2010). In addition to this, reflection can generate knowledge from practice rather than relying on external research findings (Rolfe, 2011a). Rolfe's (2001) framework allows the construction of personal theory and knowledge and how a similar situations outcome might be improved by future actions. The NMC makes it clear that nurses should take part in appropriate learning that helps develop competence and performance (NMC, 2010a). According to Benner's (2001) novice to expert the author recognises that as a management student working towards qualification he needs to be a proficient performer who looks at situations as a whole rather than their constituent parts. In strong agreement, Aston (2011), who uses a skills escalator approach, places a management student at level 4 which is a level where a student is expected to demonstrate they can draw on a wide range of resources using an evidence based rational for decisions. When the author collaborated with staff to assist in making a decision for Tim he felt equally involved in the decision making process however personal contribution was lacking due to limited knowledge at that time. The NMC (2010a) require that care is based on the best available evidence or best practice. The author's personal decision was not based on either. Furthermore, Aston (2010) recommends that confidence in making a decision is developed by a number of factors including relevant past experiences and practising using decision making skills. Pritchard (2006) argues that the process of decision making is learned gradually through practical experience of caring for patients and observing more experienced colleagues making decisions. Further inhibiting the authors ability to make a decision was a theory practice gap (Aston, 2010). This indicates that the author was practising at Benner's (2001) novice stage, in that he had entered a new clinical area and had a limited contextual understanding. The author was too inexperienced to made the above decision. Tim was placed on eyesight observations and the permanent presence of staff upset him. Tim was feeling distress and anger. There were no positive outcomes and the intervention was not effective meaning the wrong decision may have been made. Personal decisions and actions were not based on evidence or experience. One of the barriers to future decision making is making mistakes and reflection is one way of recognising what could have been done better. In addition, in the new clinical environment, the author should have been assisted to practice safely under constant supervision and possibly not able to make such a decision at this stage of nursing training (Aitkin, 2003). Despite this being the case a thorough theoretical knowledge before working on the ward would have better prepared the author for making the decision. In contrast to this is the notion that a nurse who is experienced in working with theoretical knowledge will find differences in practice that the formal theory fails to express (Benner, 2001). This indicates that a new understanding of the situation has been reached. Despite no real harm coming to Tim the author was not in a position to assist in making the decision. The author should have declined stating that he did not have the relevant knowledge. It is clear that the author had a low critical thinking capability at that time. It is argued that this is a problem faced by newly qualified nurses. Graduates do not meet expectations for entry level clinical judgement ability (Del Bueno, 2005). Similarly, Deuchester (2009) reports that newly qualified nurses go through a transition shock and have a poor ability to make decisions. Feelings of doubt, loss, confusion and disorientation for newly qualified nurses are reported along with a lack of knowledge that includes practical, theoretical and tacit. Despite this being the case the NMC (2010b) require students to demonstrate the ability to work as autonomous practitioners by the point of registration. Del Bueno (2005) concludes that newly qualified nurses should be expected to think critically and use clinical judgement in order to develop it. In conclusion the broader issues that have arose from this are that time needs to be taken to stop and think and consider whether whether the decision is meeting the patients needs. The main learning, for future practice, is to make sure that the author is exposed to as many situations as possible to gain practical knowledge. In addition, theoretical gaps in knowledge need to be eliminated in future practice. The best attempt to engage with the patient needs to be sought in the future. If observation levels needs to be increased the decision should be weighed up against the patient being allowed to move freely and not feel restricted and Mental Health Act (2007) requirements of offering one to one-to-one sessions.

Essay on SELLING THE PASS HABEAS

Essay on SELLING THE PASS HABEAS Essay on SELLING THE PASS HABEAS CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW Edited by Dominic McGoldrick and Sarah Williams SELLING THE PASS: HABEAS CORPUS, DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS AND THE PROTECTION OF LIBERTY AND SECURITY OF PERSONS DETAINED ABROAD Abstract On 31 October 2012 the Supreme Court of England and Wales handed down its judgment in Rahmatullah v Secretary of State for Foreign Aï ¬â‚¬airs and Secretary of State for Defence [2012] UKSC 48. The case concerns an application for habeas corpus brought by a citizen of Pakistan originally detained by the United Kingdom in Iraq before being transferred into the custody of the United States. Rahmatullah addresses important issues concerning the extraterritorial reach of habeas corpus under English law in respect of persons held in the custody of a foreign State, as well as the international rule of law. The case may be considered a legal victory for persons detained without trial by the US in facilities thought to be beyond the reach of the courts. However, in reality any strength in the arm of the law is drained by the priority given to the conduct of foreign aï ¬â‚¬airs, ‘forbidden territory’ for the courts, over the Court’s ruling and the UK’s obligations under international law. The case is examined in the light of similar jurisprudence from US and Australian courts. Keywords: diplomatic relations, foreign nationals, habeas corpus, international law. I. INTRODUCTION On 31 October 2012 the Supreme Court of England and Wales handed down its judgment in Rahmatullah v Secretary of State for Foreign Aï ¬â‚¬airs and Secretary of State for Defence.1 The case concerns whether a writ of habeas corpus was properly issued against the Secretaries of State with regard to a non-British citizen detained by the United States (US) authorities at Bagram airbase, Afghanistan.2 Mr Rahmatullah (R) had been arrested by the United Kingdom (UK) armed forces in Iraq in 2003 and was subsequently transferred to US custody pursuant to a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the UK and the US.3 The Court held unanimously that there was 1 Rahmatullah v Secretary of State for Foreign Aï ¬â‚¬airs and Secretary of State for Defence [2012] 3 WLR 1087 (SC(E)) (‘Rahmatullah’). 2 At the time of writing Mr Ramatullah remains in US detention. 3 Rahmatullah (n 1) para 3. The MoU is entitled, ‘An Arrangement for the Transfer of Prisoners of War, Civilian Internees, and Civilian Detainees between the Forces of the United States of America, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and Australia, 23 March 2003.’ The original MoU is unavailable to the author. [ICLQ vol 62, July 2013 pp 727–739] doi:10.1017/S0020589313000225 728 International and Comparative Law Quarterly suï ¬Æ'cient uncertainty as to whether the UK retained control over R’s detention for the court properly to issue the writ and that there was no reason to believe, at the time the writ was issued, that it would not be eï ¬â‚¬ective. However the majority4 held that the Secretaries of State had fulï ¬ lled their duties pursuant to the writ by providing evidence of the US’s refusal to return R upon their request. The writ of habeas corpus sits at the heart of constitutional law.5 It is fundamental to protect the liberty of the individual from the unlawful use of executive power.6 If the detention of a person cannot be legally justiï ¬ ed, they have the right to be released. The court has no discretion to consider matters of public policy.7 In the words of Lord Carnwath and Lady Hale in this case, ‘[t]he strength of habeas corpus is its simplicity’.8 As Lord Kerr explained in the leading judgment, it is a ï ¬â€šexible remedy that has developed over the centuries so that it may be directed not only to the authority that has actual physical custody of the detainee but also to the person or authority that has a reasonable prospect of securing control over the detainee or his production to the court.9 This principle applies whether the detainee is within the jurisdiction of the court or has been

Essay on Wireless technology

Essay on Wireless technology Essay on Wireless technology Essay on Wireless technologyWireless technologies and the growth of popularity of portable devices such as smartphones and tablets have created a variety of opportunities in the modern world. Wireless communications are changing the world because wireless devices are convenient, easy to use and can provide interconnectivity in virtually any place. Among the segments which are assumed to change dramatically due to the use of wireless technology one can name environmental protection, entertainment, business communications, sales, news reporting and healthcare.The purpose of this paper is to discuss current and emerging wireless medical technologies, to describe wireless components in healthcare that are required for creating added business value, assess the changes to staffing and training in healthcare associated with the increasing use of wireless technologies, analyze potential challenges pertaining to wireless networks in healthcare institutions and methods of addressing these chal lenges.Current and emerging wireless medical technologiesThe use of wireless technologies in healthcare has numerous advantages: medical information can be delivered and shared in any setting, medical information and guidelines can be quickly distributed; wireless devices create space for such interconnectivity that could never be provided by wired devices. Wireless healthcare devices can be used for more advanced diagnostics, can deliver information between the patient and the healthcare institution in a continuous way, etc. One wireless device can implement several functions (e.g. providing medical information, gathering healthcare records, delivering physicians recommendations, collecting statistics, etc.).The integration of wireless technologies in healthcare is a very promising trend which might lead to a healthcare revolution. A notable invention are the Medical Body Area Network (MBAN) devices special wearable sensors that collect various information about the patient, start ing with respiratory functions and pulse and ending with ECG data (Information Week, 2012). Such novel approach to monitoring health will help to collect accurate medical information, diagnose patients in a better way, provide timely help in critical situations, etc.Wireless technologies might be used to develop in-house wireless devices that have the potential to enhance performance inside healthcare organizations; for example, wireless connections can help to synchronize actions and information for anesthesiologists, surgeons, etc. Along with sharing information and tracking the patients state, wireless devices can be used to track provider care activities and data, to report the status of equipment and other devices, to integrate data from other devices into a global network, to perform drug tracking and other analytical functions (Cooper Fuchs, 2013). Furthermore, wide use of smartphones and other WiFi enabled devices allows to create healthcare apps for exchanging healthcare i nformation into one system. According to Terry (2012), the major growth of healthcare wireless industry is expected when healthcare providers fully adopt this technology and master processing of patient data and acting instantly basing on these data. Such interactivity might transform the whole approach to healthcare and turn it into a continuous process guided by healthcare institutions.Wireless components needed for added business valueThe technologies used for wireless healthcare devices include WiFi (IEEE 802.11x), Bluetooth, RFID et al. As a minimum, the components needed for added business value of healthcare wireless devices include wireless hardware, means of connecting this hardware to WLAN or WAN and software for handling the connections, measurements and data exchange. Additional components might include various sensors, assistive devices, wearable components, extensions, etc (Going wireless: five perspectives on the challenges in healthcare technology, 2013). In the case of data collection and processing   on the providers side, there is a need for access points for wireless connections and a server authenticating and/or processing wireless requests.Additional staffing and support requirementsThe integration of wireless technologies in healthcare is likely to change the requirements to staffing and training of healthcare professionals. Medical professionals will have to be able to connect wireless devices, to use them, to collect data and send these data to the server. Professionals in data processing and data analysis will be in need. Furthermore, the changes of healthcare infrastructure will require hiring more IT professionals who will manage the wireless network, maintain network security, establish proper controls to secure the delivery of patient care, etc.The need for software developers with healthcare expertise is increasing as the evolving set of wireless technologies should be made live with the relevant software. Regular healthcare pr ofessions will have to receive additional training on wireless devices; healthcare professionals should also be prepared to explain the new methods to the patients and show the basics of working with wireless devices to them.Potential technical and regulatory problems and methods of their mitigationActive and prolonged use of wireless technologies might also create risks for the patients health due to the novelty of wireless technologies and the lack of longitudinal research showing the impact of waves of the target spectrum on human beings. It is recommended to conduct studies on volunteers and/or laboratory animals in order to assess the long-term impact of radio frequencies.According to Cooper and Fuchs (2013), the dependence of care delivery on wireless systems represents a significant threat to the healthcare itself as the errors or breaches in a wireless system might create an additional health risk for patients. In order to mitigate this risk, it is necessary to establish add itional controls for wireless systems and include verification activities in the software handling data from wireless healthcare devices (Going wireless: five perspectives on the challenges in healthcare technology, 2013).One of the potential problems is the regulation and use of different spectrum bands by wireless healthcare devices. Devices working on the same frequency might crowd out each other from the channel, while the devices working on too different frequencies might be unable to exchange information. One of the possible methods of addressing this challenge is the introduction of standards for the spectrum band use by healthcare wireless devices.There exist several consensus groups which unite the manufacturers of medical devices, healthcare professionals and users is Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) (Witters, 2006). Another consensus group is FCC that proposed rules for dedicating a specific band of frequency spectrum to wireless devices in healthc are (Information Week, 2012). Due to these regulations, it will be possible to enhance the reliability of such devices and their interconnectivity.The risks of wireless network failure can be addressed with the help of quality of service (QoS) technology use, with the help of data integrity maintenance, using various means of reducing electromagnetic emission and its effects and enhancing wireless network security with the help of secure authentication, encryption and accountability policies (Witters, 2011). Overall, the field of wireless healthcare technology is rapidly evolving and it is likely that wireless devices will change the whole approach to care delivery in the future.

Corporate Fraud in Richards Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Corporate Fraud in Richards Letter - Essay Example The seriousness of Richard’s action against Richard, as the global head of sales, in the Computer Associates Corporation, he was involved in various acts, which affected his responsibilities in the company. One of his actions was the facilitation of an extension of the fiscal quarter (Soltes 4). This was indeed serious since it affected the reporting of the other fiscal quarters. The effectiveness of the information reported by extension of a fiscal quarter would be affected. Richard was also accused of allowing his subordinates to obtain contracts after the end of a fiscal quarter (Soltes 4). This is serious because it will influence the accuracy of the financial reports used by the stakeholders. The accuracy of financial information for the organization is remarkably essential for both the management and other stakeholders involved such as the investors. Inaccurate financial information may affect the expectations of the prospecting investors and shareholders of the organiza tion. It is better for an organization to give accurate financial information rather than falsehood representation. Information represented falsely can lead to extortion of investors emanating from misleading financial information. ... Although the actions of Richard emanated from the company’s culture of maintaining its performance, the actions of Richard did not follow ethical standards. When proper accounting approaches according to GAAP are used, accurate and efficient financial information is obtained. The chief reason for carrying out investigations on Computer Associates Company was because SEC doubted the accounting reporting of the company. When GAAP approaches are not used in a company’s financial reporting, it is most likely that the company’s financial reporting would have problems. For instance, one of the GAAP approaches is the matching principle, where revenues are recognized in the period of their earning or in the period when expenses that match the revenues are paid. In Computer Associates Company, there was a problem regarding the recognition of revenues. It was noted that; some of the contracts were signed after the last day of a fiscal quarter. This had an impact on the rec ognition of revenues since revenues obtained from the contracts signed after the end of a trading quarter, could either be related to the first quarter or the following fiscal quarter. Falling of stocks by 42% and fall in expected financial results in the first quarter of 2001 made SEC notice that some accounting procedures of the company were not proper (Soltes 3). If the company achieved the same accounting results through GAAP, it would have implied that there could be other contributing factors other than the use of wrong accounting principles. For instance, there could be a misappropriation of funds, which could also be investigated by the relevant authorities.  

Child observation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Child observation - Essay Example The boy is in a white short-sleeved shirt that has black stains on the breast pocket and beige shorts. The stains are fresh, and they are oily and greasy. The mall is spacious, stocked with different accessories including electronics, toys for children, foodstuffs, oils and perfumes. As the mother passes along the department stocked with toys, the boy scratches and attempts to bite the mother’s hand and she immediately releases him, cursing silently but loud enough for the nearest shop attendant to hear. The boy mischievously glances at his mother, and he dashes across the alley, towards a big yellow toy car. However, as he attempts to retrieve it from a higher shelf, he stumbles and falls, hitting the floor head first, and the nearby toys and accessories fall on his body. His mother quickly goes to his rescue rubbing his head to alleviate the pain from the fall and warns him to stop or else she will not buy him a present. As the mother and son moves along an electronic depart ment, the boy notices a small girl almost his age accompanied by a male adult. The girl is riding a small bicycle and the boy leaves his mother and joins the girl, apparently wanting to snatch the bicycle from her. Observation sheet of the interactions and behaviors observed in the boy Interactions observed comments The most notable interactions are with his mother, and the environment, both within and outside the shopping mall.