Coroporate finance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Coroporate finance - Research Paper Example Ratio analysis uses data from the financial statements to develop financial formulas that calculate ratios. The purpose of this paper is to utilize ratio analysis to analyze the financial performance of Qatar Telecom Q.S.C. and Vodafone Qatar Q.S.C. during the last two years. Company profile Qatar Telecom Qatar Telecom is the leading telecommunications company in the small Persian Gulf country of Qatar. The company’s landline business operates in a monopoly market since the firm is the only company that provides that service. Some of the services that the company provides to its customers include landlines, wireless communication, internet, and cable television. The firm is a multinational corporation that operates in 17 countries. The majority ownership of the company is held by the government of Qatar who owns 55% of the firm. The remaining 45% is owned by private investors who openly trade their stocks in the Qatar Exchange. Company profile Vodafone Qatar Vodafone is a mult inational corporation in the telecommunication industry that operates in over 30 countries. The firm was founded in 1985. The company has over 403 million customers around the world. The firm has used strategic alliances and partnerships to expand its reach. Its global network of partners is composed of 50 companies. The firm is considered the 7th most valuable brand within its industry. The organization has a diversified portfolio of products and services which includes mobile, business, and marketing solutions. Overview ratio analysis The use of ratio analysis can help companies evaluate the financial performance of an enterprise. The analysis is considered a quantitative tool. One of the advantages of applying ratio analysis is that it is easy to use. Any person that has basic business knowledge can retrieve the financial statements of a company and calculate its ratios. Nine additional advantages of the use of ratio analysis are listed below: Helpful in decision making Helpful i n financial analysis and planning Helpful in communication Helpful in coordination Helps in control Helpful in shareholder’s decisions Helpful in creditor’s decisions Helpful in employees decisions Helpful in governmental decisions (Svtuition, 2011). Another virtue of the use of ratio analysis is its comparability. The ratios of different companies can be compare to evaluate which firm is the better investment alternative. The five major categories of ratios are liquidity, financial leverage, asset efficiency, profitability, and market value ratios. Ratio analysis Qatar Telecom A ratio analysis of Qatar Telecom for the years 2011 and 2012 is illustrated below. 2011 2012 Net margin 18.71% 13.79% Earnings per share QR 14.80 QR 9.88 Return on assets 5.82% 4.93% Return on equity 15.09% 12.60% Current ratio 1.01 1.05 Acid-test ratio 1.00 1.03 Working capital QR 304908000 QR 975749000 Debt ratio 0.61 0.61 Debt to equity 1.59 1.55 Qatar Telecom generated total revenues of QR 33.71 billion in 2012. The sales of the company increase by 6.14% in comparison with the previous year. The firm’s net income in 2012 was QR 5.94 billion. The organization was able to increase its net income by QR 1.3 billion since the previous year. The net margin of the company in 2012 was 13.79%. The net margin is a metric that measures the absolute profitability of the company. It is calculated by dividing net income by total sales.

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CRITICAL THINKING QUESTIONS - Research Paper Example It helped in the flow of the populace and provides reinforcement against incursion. The concepts were exported to the New World, as William Penn, the founder of Philadelphia city came up with gridiron plan in outlining the streets and a major portion of land flexible to quick change in land utilization. This resulted in contemporary planning of the cities so as to suit the needs of the inhabitants. After the first war that happens in the world, the country was destroyed resulting in finances channeled to retrofitting the American towns towards the launch of the automobile business. These required finances as the cost of expenses were high. In the year 1920, the country underwent a great depression and the worst hit trade was the building industry. This led to stagnation of buildings across the towns. The recent changing trends play a major role in influencing modern urban designs. The changes sweeping the planning profession have come up with an ideology about urban design as a profession away from the normal concept that entails societal issues and guiding principle. It is important for the contemporary designers to come up with varied knowledgeable designs that suit the urban environment. Public realm proposal is another aspect that should be taken into account when planning the modern cities. Spaces between the constructions should be considered when building houses. The spaces are linked to culture, the people’s behavior, security, accessibility and commerce. Consequently public realm is a vital aspect in urban designs. A high-quality development initiative should consider energy effectiveness and biodiversity. Conservative development preparation forms the basis for environmental policies hence the need for the implementation. Designers should encourage the development of ecological improvement together with the urban design doctrines. The movement advocated for striking cities as it believed that a nice city is conducive for the

Can it be argued that all societies have law Critically discuss Essay

Can it be argued that all societies have law Critically discuss Anthropological arguments on the topic - Essay Example However, as new scholars kept on emerging, these theories were challenged. Today, some argue that contrary to the earlier assertions that all societies conform to each other at some point, not all cultures have law, thus negating the issue of conformity. In light of these debates, this paper seeks to analyse these anthropological arguments in a bid to establish if all societies have laws. Consequently, diverse groups holding different cultural behaviours forming every society, laws are inevitable. One of the reasons the topic of cultural law comes up is because of yet another controversial debate of cultural relativism. In anthropology, cultural relativism asserts that each society holds its own practices and values2. Many, if not all, of these values and practices seldom compare to other societies thus making each society unique. In a bid to ensure that the observation of these values is retained, societies tend to have laws that hold them together. Since cultures are found universally, it therefore, confirms that all societies have a law. Furthermore, cultural relativism tends to be concerned with showing respect to varied cultural laws without setting values. That is to say, one culture could be engaged in a practice that another considers bad yet the latter cannot express its disapproval. It is because of cultural relativism that different societies are able to have own law3. When not interfered with, these societies tend to form a unique setting in the society that consequently sets each other apart. Clearly, with cultures evolving from various stages, it is inevitable to have these laws. Interestingly, other scholars argue that despite the evident variance of social practices by different cultures, all tend to have a particular commonality. This group of individuals’ contest that just like there is a variance in civilization, cultures, too, take various stages4. Sachs echoes the sentiments5. He